Test 27 Flashcards
(68 cards)
location of compound tubular glands that secrete alkaline mucus
Brunner’s glands in the duodenum that secrete into ducts that empty into the crypts of Lieberkuhn
lymphoid aggregates specific to the ileum
Peyers patches
L/S ratio greater than 2 indicate
adequate surfactant produciton to avoid neonatal hyaline membrane disease
Lecithin production increases after 30,36 weeks, while syphingomyelin levels remain constant during the third trimester
Dipalmitoyl phosphatitoly choline and phosphatidly glycerol are major components of surfactant
recall bias
inaccurate recall of past exposure by people in the study–ppl who have stuffered an adverse eent are more liekly to recal RFs than those w/out adverse experiences
Referral bia
case and control pops differ d/t to admission/referral practices
detection bias
RF itself may lead to extensive diagnostic investigation and increase probability that disease is identified
Lead time bias
screening test dx a disease earlier than it would have appeared by natural hx so that hte time from dx until death is prolonged
allocation bias
way tx and control groups are assembeled
sampling bias
non random sampling of a population–study populatoin has characteristics that differ from the target population
hereditary defect in renal PCT and intestinal AA transporter that prevents resorption of cystine, ornithine, lysine, arginine (COLA) across the intestinal and renal tubular epithleium
cystinuria (AR)
what complication is a pt w/ cystinuria at risk for developing
excess cystine in the urine can lead to recurrent precipitation of hexagonal cystine STONES> recurrent nephrolithiasis
tx for cystinuria
urinary alkalinization (K citrate, acetazolamide) chelating agents
octahedron stones
calcium oxalate
calcium phosphate
sCuare
rectangular prisms (coffin lids) stones
Magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite or triple phosphate
Yellow/red-brown diamond or rhombus
uric acid
effect of MI on CO
sharp DECREASE in CO ouput d/ tloss of myocardium (decreases slope and max height of line)
effect of chronic anemia on CO
increases CO to meet metabolic demand of tissues
effect of anaphylaxis on VR and CO
VR- decreases, d/t widespread venous and arteriolar dilation and increased capillary permeability
CO- increases/ d/t increased cardiac contractility to maintain bp
flu like sxs and erythema chronicum migrans following hiking in new hampshire
early lyme disease
key LYME pie to the
Flu like sxs/Facial nerve palsy
Arthritis
Cardiac block
Erythema chronicum migrans
AV block and bells palsy after hiking 6 mos ago
second stage of lyme’s
chronic assymmetric large joint arthritis and ecephalopathy following hiking months to years ago and bells palsy
lymes disease
how do you tx lymes
doxycycline
penicillin type antibiotics (ceftriaxone)
lymes transmission
borrelia burgdorferia spirochete by bite of ixodes tick in NE of USa nd europe
antimalarial drug used in prevention and tx of p. falciparum
mefloquine
