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Step 1 > Test 58 > Flashcards

Test 58 Flashcards

1
Q

tx for herpes

A

Nucleoside analogs (acyclovir)

incorporated into newly replicated viral DNA and terminate viral DNA synthesis

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2
Q

prevent viral attachment to target cells

A

enfuvirtide

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3
Q

inhibits viral protease

A

indinavir (HIV)

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4
Q

prevents virion release form infected cells

A

neuramindase inhibitors

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5
Q

upregulates IFN syntehsis in infected cells

A

interleukins

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6
Q

schizoaffective disorder

A

psychosis must occur in ABSENCE of major mood epid

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7
Q

psychotic features occur EXCLUSIVELY During mood episodes

A

major depressive

bipolar disorder

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8
Q

RBCs w/ multiple smaller round nucleated cells

A

plasmodia (malira) infection

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9
Q

tx for RBC forms of malaria

A

chloroquine

mefloquine

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10
Q

tx required to kill vivax and ovale liver shizonts

A

primaquine

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11
Q

prohylaxis and tx of p. jiroveci

A

pentamidine

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12
Q

antiparasitic drug used to tx chagas

A

nifurtimox

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13
Q

tx for onchocerciasis

A

ivermectin

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14
Q

influenced by disease prevalance

A

PPV and NPV

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15
Q

earliest manifestation of diabetic nephropathy

A

moderately increased albuminuira (

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16
Q

99mmTc pertechnetate scan accumulation and lower GI bleeding

A

meckels diverticulum

99Tc identifies ectopic gastric epithelium and helps to make dx

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17
Q

initiates an aortic dissection

A

hemodynamic stress> tearing of aortic INTIMA w/ blood dissecitng through MEDIA>
itnramural hematoma that can extend proximally and distally

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18
Q

intimal fatty streak

A

initial lesion of atherosclerosis

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19
Q

medial calcific sclerosis

A

monckeberg sclerosis

form of arteriosclerosis characterized by calcific deposits in in medial layer of muscular arteries

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20
Q

medial infalmmation

A

takayasu

giant cell

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21
Q

obliterative endarteritis of the vasa vasorum

A

tertiary syphillis

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22
Q

PABA esters

A

widely used UVB radiation absorbers

O

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23
Q

PABA esters

A

widely used UVB radiation absorbers

Don’t block radiation in UVA wavelength

24
Q

cholestasis

A

digestive disorer that causes malabsorption and nutritional deficiencies of fat soluble vitamins

25
Q

often occurs in pt w/ prolonged cholestasis

A

osteomalacia–> vit D def

26
Q

often occurs in pt w/ prolonged cholestasis

A

osteomalacia–> vit D def

27
Q

brassy barking cough
dyspnea
hx of URI in child

A

Croup caused by parainfluenza virus

28
Q

nasal congestion and discharge
sneezing
cough
sore throat

A

common cold

rhino
influenza
corona

29
Q

URT sxs
hoarsness
BARKING CouGH AND STRIDOR

A

parainfluenza

30
Q

sore throate
cervical lymphadenopathy
PSEUDOMEMBRANE

A

c. diptheriae

31
Q

sore throat
DYSPHAGIA
DROOLING

A

h. influenza

32
Q

URT sxs
WHEEZING
cough

A

RSV

33
Q

calciviruses

A

norwalk

viral gastroenteritis

34
Q

variable severity of mitochondrial diseases

A

random distribution of normal and mutated mitochondria between dauther cells during mitosis> some cells w/ healthy mitochondria and others affected by genetic mutation (HETEROPLASMA)

35
Q

Long term acid suppression w/ PPIs can laed to….

A

increased risk of HIP fx d/t decreased Ca absorption

36
Q

increase vit D catabolism

A

anticonvulsants

37
Q

decrase estrogen

A

aromatase inhibotrs

medroxyprogesterone

38
Q

decrease testosteone and estrogen

A

GnRH agonists

39
Q

decrease bone formation

A

glucocorticoids
unfractionated heparin
thiazolidinediones

40
Q

dust particles

A

reach ALVEOLI

taken up by MPHAGES> stimualte CT growth

41
Q

required to release ACh form presynaptic terminal vesicles at the NMJ

A

influx of extracellular Ca into presynaptic terminal

*occurs following neuronal dpeolarization and opening of VG Ca channels

42
Q

FIXED semental loss of UE P and T sensation, UE lower motor neuron signs in setting of scolisois

kyphoscoliosis

A

syringomyelia

43
Q

AR condition accompanied by congenital neurosensory deafness and long QT syndrome> SCD

A

jervell and Lange Nielsen syndrome

44
Q

initiates extrinsic pathway of apoptosis

A

FAS receptor

45
Q

mutation in FAS recpetor or FAS ligand

A

prevents apoptosis of autoreactive lymphocytes> increased risk of autoimmune disorders like SLE

46
Q

mediates AFF limb of cough reflex ABOVE the vocal cords

A

internal laryngeal nerve

*damaged by foriegin bodies lodged in piriform recess that can damage nerve and impair coughreflex

47
Q

mediates AFF limb of cough reflex ABOVE the vocal cords

A

internal laryngeal nerve

*damaged by foriegin bodies lodged in piriform recess that can damage nerve and impair coughreflex

48
Q

erythematous pruritic pauplues
vesicles
bullae that appear BILATERALLY And SYMMETRICALY one extensor surfaces

celiacs

A

Dermatitis hepetiformis

49
Q

pruritic
urticarial plaques that form tesnse bullae
common autoimmune disorder in elderly

A

bullous pemphigoid

50
Q

spontaneous burns of non-rhythmic onjugate eye movements
hypotonia
myoclonus
abdominal mass

A

Opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome (paraneoplastic) assoc. w/ NEUROBLASTOMA

51
Q

MC extracranial childhood cancer that develoips from neuroblasts in teh adrenal medulla

A

nueroblastoma

52
Q

associated w/ increased number of copies of N-myc

A

neuroblastoma

53
Q

palpable flank mass
2-4 years
primitive metanephric tissue

A

wilms tumor

54
Q

clavulanic acid
sulbactam
tazobactam

A

beta lactamase inhibitors

55
Q

liquefactive necrosis

A

complete digestion and removal of necrotic tissue w/ formation of cystic cavity

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