Test 63

Question 1

retinal neovascularization d/t increased VEGF levels

Answer 1

Wet age related macular degeneration

Question 2

ACUTE vision loss

metamorphosia (distorition o fstraight lines) w/ funduscopy showin gray-green subretinal membrane/subretinal hemorrhage

Answer 2

Wet age reatled macular degeneration

Question 3

Tx for wet age related mac degeneration

Answer 3

smoking cessation
VEGF inhibitor therapy

*ranibizumba
bevacizumab

Question 4

drusen deposits

gradual vision loss

Answer 4

Dry AMD

Question 5

CCR5

+CDR4 bind to HIV gp120

Answer 5

coreceptor that enables HIV to enter cells

*deletion of both genes that code for receptor> resistance to HIV infection

Question 6

vulnerable to injury around the neck of the fibula

Answer 6

common peroneal nerve

Question 7

weakness of dorsiflexion
weakness of eversion
loss of sensation over dorsum of foot

Answer 7

deep peroneal

superficial peroneal

Question 8

inversion

plkantarflexion

Answer 8

tibial nerve

Question 9

intermittent respiratory sxs in pt w/ normal CSR, occasional sputum eosinophils, reduced FEV1

Answer 9

asthma

*often provoked by inahled allergens like pet dander

Question 10

Cold air asthma

Answer 10

asthma attacks in pts w/ exercise induced asthma

Question 11

B2 agonists

Answer 11

abuterol

used to tx asthma

Question 12

transmissoin HAV

Answer 12

F-O route
overcrowding
poor sanitation

contaminated, water, food, RAW STEAMED SHELLFISH

Question 13

hemolytic anemia
hypercoagulability
pancytopenia

Answer 13

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

*PIGA gene that leads to absecne of CD55 and cD59 complement inhibitor proteins (lysis of RBCS)

Question 14

cancers in DS

Answer 14

ALL
AML

BOTH ACUTE

Question 15

Cardiact tissue conduction velocity

Answer 15

Park At VENTura AVenude

FASTEST:
purkingje>
atrial>
ventricular>
AV node

Question 16

VIPomas

Answer 16

non beta cell pancreatic islet cell tumor that hypersecrete VIP

VIP increases intestinal Cl loss into stool> excess loss of water, Na, K

also inhibits acid secretion

“pancreatic cholera”

WDHA syndrome (watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, achlorhydria)

Question 17

TX VIP

Answer 17

Somatosatatin

Question 18

VIP

Answer 18

relaxation GI SM
inhibits H secretion
stimulates pancreatic bicarb/Cl secretion

Question 19

infection that causes inflammatory gastroenteritis that can be acquired from domestic animals contaminated foods

Answer 19

Campylobacter infection

Question 20

esophageal varices

Answer 20

left gastric vein> esophageal vein

Question 21

hemorrhoids

Answer 21

superior rectal vein> middle and inferior rectal veins

Question 22

Caput medusae

Answer 22

paraumbilical veins>

superficiala nd inferior epigastric veins

Question 23

AD condition that results from RBC cytoskeleton abnormalities (spectrin and ankyrin defects)

dx test?

Answer 23

positive osmotic fragility test

hereditary spherocytosis

Question 24

blocks GPiib/IIa receptor

Answer 24

Abciximab

Question 25

Glanzmann thrombasthenia

Answer 25

defective/deficient GPIIb/IIIa

Question 26

attrition bias (form of selection bias)

Answer 26

loss to follow up occurs disproporstionately bewteen exposed and unexposed groups

Question 27

would lead to a steep decline in worldwide incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma

Answer 27

vaccination agnst HBV

Question 28

single most impt RF for development of intimal tears> aortic dissection

Answer 28

HYTN

Question 29

RF for aortic aneurysm

Answer 29

smoking diabetes hypercholesterolemia MAJOR RFs for atherosclerosis

Question 30

milky plasma that forms a creamy appearing supernatant low plasma lipoprotein lipase activity

Answer 30

familial chylomicronemia syndrome

Question 31

prsents in childhood w/ recurrent episodes of ACUTE PANCREATITIS ABDOMINAL PAIN

Answer 31

familial chylomicronemia syndrome Apo-C II

Question 32

organanophosphates act on what receptors

Answer 32

muscarinic and nicotinic

Question 33

reverses muscarinic effects but NOT nicotinic effects like muscle paralysis

Answer 33

atropine

Question 34

only medication that reverses both muscarinic and nicotinic effects of orgs

Answer 34

pralidoxime restores cholinesterase

Question 35

follow up for moderately elevated alk phos of unclear eatiology

Answer 35

y glutamyl transpeptidase

Question 36

assess liver functionality

Answer 36

PTT bilirubin ablumin cholesterol

Question 37

assess structural integrit/cellular intactness of the liver

Answer 37

transaminases

Question 38

assess biliary tract

Answer 38

alk phos | y glutamyl transferase (used to determine hepatic or bony orgigin)

Question 39

chronic alcoholism megaloblastic anemia that develops d/t decreased synthesis of purines and thymidine> macrocytosis ovalocytosis neutrophils/ HYPERSEGMENTED nuclei

Answer 39

folate def

Question 40

not common in alcoholics

Answer 40

B12 def

Question 41

nephrotic syndrome in kids 2-8 w/ normal renal fxn pathognomonic finding

Answer 41

diffuse effacement of foot processes of podocytes found on EM LM shows NORMAL glomeruli and IF fails to reveal anything

Question 42

tx for MCD

Answer 42

rapid response to corticosteroids!

Question 43

depolarizing NMJ blocker that is agumented by this drug during phase I but REVERSED during phase II

Answer 43

Neostigmine