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Step 1 > Test 51 > Flashcards

Test 51 Flashcards

1
Q

increases cholesterol solubility and decreases risk of gallstones

A

HIGH BS and phosphatidylcholine levels

LOW cholesterol levels

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2
Q

most aggressive type of lung cancer

A

small cell carcinoma (most have distant mets at time of dx)

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3
Q

tx for small cell carcinoma

A

surgery usually not an option

chemo and radiation

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4
Q

best long term tx choice for chronic tophaceous gout

A

allopurinol- XO inhibitor

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5
Q

febuxostat

A

new XO that is safer in pts w/ renal dysfxn

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6
Q

what happens to the pancreas in pt w/ CF

A

fills w/ mucous plugs

inability to secrete pancreatic enzymes> steatorrhea

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7
Q

hypoglycemia in a setting of HIGH intracellular NADH

A

Metabollic fuel other than glucose is present (ample metabolic energy supply)

Hepatic ethanol catabolism produces NADH nad inhibits gluconeogenesis

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8
Q

how does cocaine affect blood sugar

A

hyperglycemia d/t adrenergic activity

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9
Q

acute onset neuro abnormalities, hypoxemia, petechial rash following severe long bone/pelvic fxs

A

fat embolism syndrome

*occlusion of pulmonary microvessals by fat globules

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10
Q

work of breathing in pt w/ pulmonary fibrosis

A

minimized d/t increased elastic resistance when RR is HIGH and tidal volume is low

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11
Q

work of breathing in pts w/ increased airflow resistance

A

asthma/COPD

breather at a lower rate/higher tidal volume (slow deep breaths) to minimize work of breathing

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12
Q

stap injury above the clavicle between the midclavicular and lateral sternal lines

A

lung pleura

lung apices extend above the level of hte clavicle and fisrt rib through the superior thoracic aperture

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13
Q

penetrating injury between clavicle and first rib

A

pntx

tension pntx

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14
Q

penetrating injury between clavicle and first rib

A

pntx

tension pntx

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15
Q

what traps the rise of a horseshoe kidney

A

IMA

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16
Q

where are lipids digested and absorbed

A

digested in the duodenum

absorbed in teh jejunum

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17
Q

does cholecystectomy effect lipid digsetion and absorption?

A

no

pts may find it difficult to eat a large fatty meal

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18
Q

green color of PUS

A

MPO release from neutrohil azurophilic granules

MPO is a heme containing pigmented molecule

19
Q

MC neurological complication of VZV infection

A

post herpetic neuralgia

20
Q

MC neurological complication of VZV infection

A

post herpetic neuralgia

21
Q

Major factor in determining coronary blood flow

A

blood supply to the heart occurs during DIASTOLE so LENGTH of diastole is critical

22
Q

cause of ghon foci in lower lungs

A

primary TB

23
Q

secondary TB

A

reactivation TB most often in immunosuppressed pts

characterized by apical cavitary lesions and hemoptysis

24
Q

SE of L-Dopa (adding carbidopa inhibits peripheral conversion of L Dopa making it more available)

A

Anxiety and agitation d/t increased Da

25
Q

commonly used to prevent primary and secondary coronary events after TIAs

A

low dose aspirin

26
Q

MC SE of aspirin

A

increased GI blood loss

27
Q

drugs w/ highest risk of causing drug induced lupus

A

Procainamide
hydralazine
isoniazid

28
Q

lupus like sxs + positive ANA and anti-histone antibodies, but anti-dsDNA not seen

A

DILE

29
Q

RR

A

A/A+B divided by C/C+D

30
Q

cause of intestinal atresia distal to duodenum

A

vascular accidnets in utero

31
Q

apple peel atresia

A

SMA is obstructed> blind ending proximal jejunum> terminal ileum distal to atresia assumes a SPIRAL configuraiton around ileocolic vessel

32
Q

infant w/ constipation
mild weakenss
letheragy
poor feeding

A

infant botulism

honey consumption

dx stool for bacterial toxins

33
Q

low absorption of B12 not correctable by IF (schilling test) is indicative of….

A

ileal disease
pancreatic insufficiency
bacterial overgrowth

34
Q

probability that a F sibling of a male affected by an X linked recessive disease will give birth to an affected child

A

1/8

.5X.5X.5

35
Q

probability that a F sibling of a male affected by an X linked recessive disease will give birth to an affected child

A

1/8

.5X.5X.5

36
Q

eyes that get tired easily later in the day and anterior mediastinal mass

A

MG + thymomoa/thyic hyperplasia

37
Q

cause MG

A

circulating Abs against ACh receptors of NMJ

38
Q

cause MG

A

circulating Abs against ACh receptors of NMJ

39
Q

used to prevent nephrotoxicity in pts receiving platinum based chemo regimen

A

aggressive hydraiton

amifostine (decreases risk of nephrotoxicity)

40
Q

tx of MTX overdose

A

leucovorin

41
Q

Filgrastim

A

GCSF analog used to stimulae prolif/diff of granulocytes

42
Q

fomepizole

A

antidote to methanol/ethylene glycol poisoning

43
Q

prevents anthryacylcine (doxorubicin) cardiotoxicity

A

dexrazoxane (irone chelating agent)

Step 1 (69 decks)

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