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Test 40 Flashcards

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1
Q

mucopurulent cervicitis w/ cervical motiontenderness is indicator of PID

A

caused by N/C

can lead to ectopic preg/infertility

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2
Q

dysfunctional uterine bleeding and elevated estrogen

A

endometrial hyperplasia

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3
Q

vaginal bleeding and fundal size greater than dates

A

hydatiform mole

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4
Q

diarrhea caused by celiacs can lead to

A

vit D def

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5
Q

Vit D def

A

low Ca
increased PTH
decreased phosphorus

*neither Ca of PO4 can be absorbed

bone pain
muscle weakness

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6
Q

NPV

A

probability of beig free of a disease if test is negative

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7
Q

small circular DNA molecules that resemble bacterial chromomsome

code for proteins
tRNA
rRNA

A

Mitochondria

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8
Q

reverse T3

A

ianctive form of thyroid hormone generated from peripheral conversion of T4

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9
Q

Turners inheritance

A

complete/partial loss of X chrom

paternal meiotic nondisjunction

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10
Q

short stature in turners

A

missing SHOX gene>

short stature

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11
Q

hypogonadism
anosmia
delayed puberty

A

kallmann syndrome

absence of GnRH secretory neurons in hypothalamus d/t defective migration from olfactory polacode

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12
Q

medullary carcinoma of the thyroid
pheochromocytoma
oral/intestinal mucosal neuromas
marfinoid habitus

A

men 2B

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13
Q

neuoromas

A

small flesh colored nodules on lips and tongue

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14
Q

somatostatin

A

decreases gastrin secretion
decreases pancreatic fluid secretion
decreasess gall bladder contraction
decreaes insulin/glucagon reelase

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15
Q

responsible for biliary stones in pts w/ somatostatinoma

A

reduced GB contraction

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16
Q

scrotum lacking palpable testes and bilateral inguinal masses
secodnary sex characteristics well developed
no impairment in sex drive
low sperm count

A

cryptochordism

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17
Q 
atrophic STs (sertoli cells)>
decreased sperm count/inhibin levels

leydig cells not impaired> secondary sex normal

A

cryptorchidism

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18
Q

primary amenorrhea
secondary sex characteristics>
imperforate hymen or MD abnormality

cyclic abdominalk pain, hematocolpos (vagina fills w/ blood)

A

imperforate hymen

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19
Q

hypersecreting adrenal tumor w/ functionality of outer layer

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A

increased aldosterone (Conn syndrome)

increased Na, decreased K

Paresthesia and muscle weakness

20
Q

weight gain and easy bruising

21
Q

excessive hairg growth

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A

androen excess

22
Q

sweating and temulous nesss

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A

excess catecholamines

23
Q

diarrhea nd flushing

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A

carcinomid syndrome

24
Q

K levels in pt w/ DKA

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A

normal to increased d/t shift of K OUT of cells
but total K deficit (decreased intracellular level)

*must replace K in these pts

25
canagliflozin | dapagliflozin
SGLT2 inhibiotrs
26
block reabsorption of glucose in PCT
SGLT2 inhibitors
27
what should be monitored before and afer starting thearpy w/ SGLT2 inhibitors
serum creatinine
28
becomes apparent when serum Ca are less than 7
neuromuscular hyperexcitablity
29
common cause of hypocalcemia
primary hypoparathyroidism d/t loss of parathyroid tissue during thyroidectomy
30
drugs assocaited w/ medication induced body fat redistribution syndrome
HIV-1 proteases | glucocorticoids
31
tamoxifen | raloxifene
SERMS
32
used for tx of osteoporosis and breast cancer
Tamoxifen--> increases estrogen in bone and uterus but decreases estrogen in breast
33
ER antagonist associated w/ increased risk of endometrial cancer and thromboembolic disease
Tamoxifen agonizes uterus
34
insulin mediated glucose uptake
skeletal muscle | adipocytes w/ glut 4
35
best option for post meal hyperglycemia
lispro aspart glulisine
36
best basal long acting insulins
glargine and detemir (once a day)
37
best tx for gestational diabetes in pts whom diet and light exercise wono't conrol BS levels
insulin
38
anorexia related amenorhea
begins in hypothalamus NOT pit or ovaries loss of pulsatile secretion of GnRH from hypo
39
LH stimulates these cells to produce androgens
theca interna
40
where are androgens converted to estradiol
FSH stimulation converts androgens to estradiol in Granulosa cells
41
how does chronic kidney disease lead to low vitamin D
conversion of 25 OH to 1,25 OH is impaired
42
first hydroxylation step cholecalciferol to 25 hydrocholecalciferol occurs hwere?
liver
43
mononucleur parenchymal infiltrate w/ well developed germ centers
hasimotos
44
branching papillary structures w/ concentric calcifications (psammoma bodies)
papillary thyroid cacncer
45
mixed cellular infiltrate w/ MNGC
de quervians thyroiditis
46
extensive fibrosis of thyroid gland
riedels
47
infiltrative dermopathy and exopthalmos caused by AR against thyrotropin receptor that leads to accumulation of glycosaminoglycans in affected tissues
Grave disease

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