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Step 1 > Test 70 > Flashcards

Test 70 Flashcards

1
Q

leading cause of cancer mortality in women

A

lung cancer

increased cigarette smoking

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2
Q

IL-2

A

stimulates grwoth of CD4 adn CD8 and B cells

also activates NK cells and monocytes (anti-cancer effect on metastatic melanoma and arenal cell carcinoma)

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3
Q

uniform thickening of the ventricular wall and narrowing of the ventrcicular cavity

A

concentric hypertrophy

seen w/ increased afterload

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4
Q

dilation of ventricle w/ associated increase in chamber size

A

volume overload

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5
Q

thalamic syndrome

A

total sensory loss on CONTRALATERAL side of hte body

*no motor deficits

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6
Q

lesion of internal capsule

A

motor deficit

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7
Q

ischemic event of the pons

A 
coma
bilateral paralysis
cerecbrate rigidity
pinpoint pupils
death
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8
Q

small 5 mm cavities in hte basal ganglia, osterior limb of internal capsule, pons aand cerebellum are known as…

A

lacunar infarctions

d/t occlusion of small penetrating arteries in settin gof HTN or DM

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9
Q

small vessel lipohyalinosis and atherosclerosis

A

leads to lacunar infarctions

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10
Q

oligodendrocyte apoptosis

A

occurs in MS> demyelinating disease of CNS

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11
Q

loss of atrail contraction d/t a. fib

A

reduce LV preload and CO and can cause systemic hypotension

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12
Q

meconim ileus

A

specific for CF

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13
Q

accounts for 80% of eventual deaths d/t CF

A

tx resistant infectious pneumonias
bronchiectasis
cor pulmonale

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14
Q

fantasy

A

immature defense mechanism

substitutes imaginary, less distrubing view of world to avoid awareness of painful feelings

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15
Q

denial

A

refuse to acknoweldge a painful reality

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16
Q

Total resistance for vessels in parallel

A

1/ sum of inverse values for resistance

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17
Q 
component of normal colonic and urogenital flora
grows in hypertonic saline and bile
gamma hemolytic
catalase negative
Pyrrolidonyl arylamidase positive
A

entercoccs

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18
Q

OPT resistant
bile insoluble

dental caries
SBE after dental work

A

s. viridans

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19
Q

opt sensitive
bile soluble

pneumonia
meningitis
otitis medai

A

s. pneumo

20
Q

PYR +
bac sensitvite

cellulitis
pharyngitis
ersipelas

A

GAS

21
Q

PYR neg
CAMP pos

neonatal sepsis
pneumonia
meningitis
UTI

A

GBS

22
Q

grows in bilea nd 6.5 % na CL
PYR +

IE after GU procedures

A

enteroccoci

23
Q

gows in BILE but nOT NaCL
PYR _

IE assoc w/ CRC

A

strep bovis

24
Q

phenoxybenzamine

A

irreversible A1 and A2 adrenergic antagonist

HIGH conc of NE can overcome effect

25
Q

Acyclovir
valacyclovir
famciclovir
ganciclovir

A

nucleoside analogues that require both herpes viral and cellular kinases for conversion to active nucleoside triphosphate form

26
Q

cidofovir

tenofovir

A

nucleoTide monophosphate

requires ONLY cellular kinases fora ctivation

27
Q

cell dep nucleosides

A

zidovudine

lamivudine

28
Q

drug induced lupus

A

linked to drugs that aremetabolized by N acetylation in the liver

(hydralazine, procainamide)

29
Q

nitroprusside

A

short acting

venousa nd arterial VASODILATOR that decreass both preload and afterload

30
Q

produces eggg shell calcifications of hilar nodes and birefringent particles surrounded by fibrous tissues

A

silicosis

31
Q

calcified pleural plauqes and FERRUGINOUS bodies

A

asbestosis

32
Q

non caseating granulomas

A

berylliosis and hypersensitivitiy pneumonitis

33
Q

perilymphatic accumulations of coal dust laden mphages

A

coal miners lung

34
Q

pure red cell aplasia

A

severe hypoplasia of marrow erythroid elements in setting of normal granulopoiesis and thrombopoiesis

assoc. w? thymoma
lymphocytic leukemias
parvo B19

35
Q

coadministartion of SSRIsa nd MAO inhbitors

A

can produce excessive synaptic 5HT levels secondary to decreased reuptake and decrased degradation> 5HT syndrome

36
Q

cuase of claudication

A

ahtersclerosis of larger arteries

37
Q

NSAID assoc chronic renal injury

A

papillary necrosis
chronic interstitial nephritis

only seen in advanced stages
common in pts suffering from chronic pain

38
Q

vit A def

A

causes night blindness

fat soluble vitamin malabsorption (chronic cholestasis from biliary obstruction)

39
Q

decreased exposure to sunlight

A

vit D def

40
Q

strict vegetarian diet

A

cobalamin def

41
Q

chronic renal faliure

A

itching d/t uremia

42
Q

chronic hemolytic anemia (sickle cell)

A

retinopathy d/t relative ischemia

43
Q

pts bleed
coagulation cascade is activated
PT and PTT are prlonged
low fibrinogen and increased FDP

A

DIC

44
Q

TTP-HUS

A

do not bleed
only platelts activated
normal PT nad PTT
normal fibrinogen

45
Q

HFE protein mutaiotns>
decreased hepcidin synthesis>
increased DMT1 expression by enterocytes>
Fe overload

A

primary hemochromatosis

at incrased risk for cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma

46
Q

scabies

A

highly contagious
pruritic rash
flexor surfaces
dx w/ skin scrapings

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