Test 92

Question 1

segmental demyleination and endoneural inflammatroy infiltrate

Answer 1

GBS

Question 2

WErdnig Hoffman syndrome

Answer 2

anterior horn cell damage

floppy child syndrome

Question 3

degeneration of dorsal columns and lateral cerebrospinal tracts

loss of position and vibration sense, spastic paresis, ataxia

Answer 3

B12 def> subactue, combined myelopathy

Question 4

neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage

Answer 4

occurs in the fragile GERMINAL MATRIX and increaeses in frequency w/ decreasing age/birth weight

Question 5

rupture of cortical bridging veins

Answer 5

subdural hematoma

Question 6

MMA and head trauma

Answer 6

epidural hematoma

Question 7

saccular berry aneurysm

Answer 7

subarachnoid hemorrhage

assoc. EDS

Question 8

ivnasive aspergillosis

Answer 8

immunosuppressed patients

thin septatate hyphae w/ acute V shaped braniching

proonged neutropenia is assoc. w/ leukemia/lymphoma tx is a RF

Question 9

Small intestine mucosa containing enlarged, foamy mphages packed w/ both rod shpaed bacilli and PAS positive, diastase resistant granules

Middle aged male

Malabsoprtion, diarrhea, weight loss

Answer 9

TRopheryma Whipelli

Question 10

destruction of interlobular bile ducts by granulomatous inflammationa nd heavy portal tract infiltrate of mphages, lymphocytes, plasma cells, eosinophils

Answer 10

PBC

chronic liver disease d/t autoimmune destruction of intrahepatic bile ducts and cholestasis

Question 11

middle aged female w/ fever and prolonged episode of severe right upper abodminal pain after mfatty meal

Answer 11

acute cholecystitis

Question 12

male w/ fatigue, high alk phos and hx of UC

Answer 12

primary sclerosing cholangitis

Question 13

older F w/ weight loss, abomdinal discomfort, jaundice, epigastric mass

Answer 13

pancreatic cancer

Question 14

MC GI malignancy

Answer 14

colon adenocarinoma

Question 15

location of colon adenocarcinoma

Answer 15

REctosigmoid colon> pts have obstructing sxs

Question 16

Ascending colon

Answer 16

CRC> right sided, large, bulky masses that protrude into colonic lumen

More likely to bleed!!

Question 17

Colon adenocarcinomas assoc w/ HNPCC

Answer 17

multiple sites

Question 18

Painless LN enlargement, waking and waning lymphatdenopathy, or abdominal discomfort from an abodminal mass

Answer 18

follicular lylmphoma

B cell origin, t(14;18), overexpression of bcl-2 oncogene

MC indolent NH lymphoma in adults

Question 19

large LN or extra nodal mass

Waldeyer ring (oropharyngeal ympohoid tissue)

TI tract involvement

Answer 19

Diffuse large cell lymphoma

Question 20

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Answer 20

MC in CHILDREN

lymphadenopathy
hepatosplenomegaly
fever
bleeding
bone pain

pre B and T lymphoblasts

Question 21

Splenomegaly and pancytopenia in older men

positive for TRAP

Answer 21

Hairy cell leukemia

Question 22

hypOphosphorylated RB

Answer 22

ACTIVE

prevents damaged cells forom preceeding past G1 to S checkpoint

Question 23

phospohorylated RB

Answer 23

INACTIVE

allows damaged cells to enter mitosis

Question 24

main inducer of apoptosis

Answer 24

p53 (policeman)

Question 25

phosphodiesterase inhibitors

Answer 25

increased cAMP> increased intracellular Ca in cardiac myocytes> vasodilation increased cardiac contractility

Question 26

most important steps for prevention of CVC infections

Answer 26

``` proprer hand washing full barrier precuations during insertion of central line chlorhexidine for skin disinfection avoidance of femoral insertion site remove catheter when no longer needed ```

Question 27

decreased GFR hyperkalemia cough angioedema

Answer 27

Common SE of ACE

Question 28

calcific deposits in musuclar arteries in people older than 50

Answer 28

monkebergs medial calcific sclerosis (medial calcinosis) clinicall asymptomatic

Question 29

transmural inflammation of arterial wall w/ fibrinoid necrosis

Answer 29

polyarteriis nodosa

Question 30

MC benign lung tumor Coin lesion in pt 50-60 composed of disorganized CARTILAGE, fibrous and adipose tissue

Answer 30

Hamartomas

Question 31

keratin pearls

Answer 31

Sq CC

Question 32

alveolar grwoth pattern w/out invasion arises at lung periphery and distributes along alveolar septae w/ out ascular/stromal invasion

Answer 32

bronchioalveolar carcinoma

Question 33

exertional dyspnea and difficulty sleeping

Answer 33

LV failure

Question 34

swollen LN red eyes high fevers strawberry tongue

Answer 34

Kawasaki disease