AP World- Chapter 10 Flashcards
(29 cards)
Sui Dynasty
- founded by Sui Wendi
- completed the Grand Canal
- endless labor on state projects on overworked and overtaxed people led to its decline
Sui Wendi
restored a strong central gov’t at the capital of Chang’an
Grand Canal
1100 mile waterway linking the Yellow and Yangzi River
Tang Empire (618 - 907)
- empire unifying China and part of Central Asia
- same capital as the Sui
- revival of civil examination system
Li Shimin/ Tang Taizong (627 - 649)
- one of the founders of the Tang Empire
- reconquered the northern and western lands lost during the decline of the Han Dynasty
- expanded influence over Korea and into Central Asia
Wu Zhao
- empress during the campaign in Korea
- first woman to assume the title of emperor
Mahayana Buddhism
- fostered faith in enlightened beings who postpone nirvana to help others
- permitted the absorption of local gods, more attractive
- encouraged translating Buddhist scripture into local languages
Chang’an
became the center of a continent wide system of communication and tributary system
tributary system
type of political relationship by which independent countries acknowledged the Chinese emperor’s supremacy
upheavals and repression (750 - 879)
- conflict with Tibetans and Turkic Uighurs
- Tang elites saw Buddhism as undermining Confucian ideas
- Buddhism was also attacked for encouraging women in politics
End of Tang Empire (879 - 907)
- rulers reimposed crushing taxes for military expansion
- could not control vast empire
- 751: Arab armies defeated the Chinese on China’s western frontier at the Battle of Talas
Liao Empire of Khitan people
- rulers encouraged Chinese elites to use their own language, study their own classics
- challenged the Song with siege machines from China and Central Asia
Jurchens
- allied with Song against Liao
- later formed their own empire (Jin) and turned against the Song
Song Empire (960 - 1279)
- never regained western land lost after 751 not northern land lost to nomadic tribes
- early 1100, Jurchen conquered northern China and forced Song south
- new capital at Hangzhou
neo-Confucianism
- term used for Song and later versions of Confucian thought
- idealized civil pursuits and new interpretations of Confucian teachings became important and influential
gentry
- class made up of scholar officials and their families
- attained their status through education and civil service positions rather than through land ownership
status of women
- further declined, especially among the upper class
- footbinding, which reflected the wealth and prestige of a woman’s husband
Khmer Empire (Cambodia)
- main power on the Southeast Asian mainland
- early kingdom was Funan
- built elaborate irrigation systems and waterways
Angkor Wat
- symbolic mountain dedicated to the Hindu god Vishnu
- used as an observatory
- built in early 12th Century
Koryu Dynasty (Korea)
- modeled its central gov’t after China
- established a confucian civil service examination system but did not provide the same social mobility
- sharply divided between aristocracy and others
- under the rule of Mongols (12-1300)–> Choson Dynasty
Sirvijaya (Sumatra)
- more influenced by India
- controlled trade between China and India
Vietnam
- adopted Confucian bureaucratic training
- Mahayana Buddhism
women status in Southeast Asia
enjoyed higher status than women in China
Shinto
- earliest religion in Japan
- based on respect for the forces of nature and on the worship of ancestors
- believed in kani, divine spirits that dwelled in nature
