Bio Digestion Quiz

Question 0

Chemical Digestion

Answer 0

Use of digestive juices and enzymes to breakdown polymers into monomers

Question 1

Mechanical Digestion

Answer 1

Breakdown of food into small particles by physically churning, grinding, and chewing

Question 2

Intercellular Digestion

Answer 2

Cells ingest materials and break down food

Question 3

Extra cellular

Answer 3

Occurs outside of the cells usually in a digestive tract

Question 4

Paramecium

Answer 4

• Gullet: food ingested
• Food vacuole: breaks down food into simple components
• Anal pore: egestion

Question 5

Trichocysts

Answer 5

Protects the paramecium by stinging the prey

Question 6

Propulsion

Answer 6

• movement of food

- swallowing

Question 7

Peristalsis

Answer 7

Propulsion by alternate contraction and relaxation in the walls of the alimentary canal (esophagus)

Question 8

Saliva

Answer 8

• Mixture of water, ions, mucus, and enzymes
• keeps mouth moist
• dissolves food so can be tasted

Question 9

Salivary Glands

Answer 9

Paired (two each)
Parotid
Submandibular
Sublingual

Question 10

Pharynx

Answer 10

Back of the throat, connected to the oral/nasal cavities to esophagus and larynx

Question 11

Epiglottis

Answer 11

Prevents food from entering the larynx when you swallow

Question 12

Esophagus

Answer 12

Connects pharynx with stomach

Question 13

Liver

Answer 13

• produces bile
• detoxifies poisons and drugs
• stored glucose
• processes fats and amino acids
• makes the blood protein

Question 14

Bile

Answer 14

• Comes from dead red blood cells

- dissolves fat and cholesterol (emulsification)

Question 15

Hepatocytes

Answer 15

Liver cells

Question 16

Peroxisosmes

Answer 16

• Detoxify other poisons including alcohol (found in the liver)
• produces 500-1000 ml bile each day

Question 17

Gall bladder

Answer 17

stores bile

Question 18

Pancreas

Answer 18

• Exocrine: secretes digestive enzymes
• Endocrine (Islets of Langerhans): regulates blood sugar
• Secretes lipase

Question 19

Insulin

Answer 19

Lowers blood sugar

Question 20

Glucagon

Answer 20

Raises blood sugar

Question 21

Beri Beri

Answer 21

• caused by thiamin deficiency
• edema (swelling)
• heart failure

Question 22

Scurvy

Answer 22

• caused by lack of vitamin
• spongy gums
• loose teeth

Question 23

1940

Answer 23

Basic four

Question 24

1956-1970

Answer 24

The Basic Seven

Question 25

1976

Answer 25

Hassle Free Daily Food Guide | Oil is added

Question 26

1984

Answer 26

Food Wheel | Servings are mentioned

Question 27

1992

Answer 27

Food Guide Pyramid

Question 28

2005

Answer 28

My Pyramid Food Guide | Adds an element of exercising

Question 29

2011

Answer 29

My Plate

Question 30

Nematocysts

Answer 30

- Stinging cell, paralyses the organism used for food | - Hydra

Question 31

Clitellum

Answer 31

Releases fluid to make cocoons

Question 32

Nephridium

Answer 32

- earthworm | - acts like kidneys

Question 33

Chyme

Answer 33

- found in the stomach | - food mixed with HCI and enzymes

Question 34

Bolus

Answer 34

Food broken down in the mouth

Question 35

Stomach

Answer 35

- J shaped | - responsible for the chemical digestion of protein

Question 36

Gastrin

Answer 36

- hormone in the stomach - lowers pH - converts pepsinogen to pepsin

Question 37

Pepsinogen

Answer 37

Inactive form of pepsin

Question 38

Pepsin

Answer 38

Protease aids in the digestion of proteins

Question 39

Small Intestine

Answer 39

- Most chemical digestion and the absorption of nutrients - longest part of the alimentary canal - most enzymes are secreted by the pancreas

Question 40

Villi

Answer 40

- located in the small intestine ONLY - I cell layer thick (I mm high) - increases the surface area for the absorption of food into the circulatory system

Question 41

Lacteal

Answer 41

- Network of blood& lymph capillaries | - absorbs lipid and starch

Question 42

Microvili

Answer 42

Mum inure hairlike structures which increase surface area and absorption

Question 43

Large Intestines

Answer 43

- Absorbs excess water and electrolytes | - contains escherichia coli (bacteria) necessary to breakdown any leftover nutrients

Question 44

Rectum

Answer 44

Stores solid waste

Question 45

Anus

Answer 45

Removed all undigested waste

Question 46

Jejunum

Answer 46

Middle section of the small intestine

Question 47

Amylase

Answer 47

- Breaks apart starch | - found in the mouth

Question 48

Protease

Answer 48

Breaks apart protein into amino acid

Question 49

Lipase

Answer 49

Breaks down fats into glycerol and fatty acid