Bio- Nervous System

Question 0

Nucleus

Answer 0

Controls all metabolic activities

Question 1

Cell body

Answer 1

Contains nucleus and organelles

Question 2

Dendrites

Answer 2

• Branch out around the cell body

- conduct impulses toward the cell body

Question 3

Axon

Answer 3

• Long, thin fiber that extends from the cell body

- impulse is sent along the membrane

Question 4

Schwann cell nucleus

Answer 4

Controls the metabolism of the glial cells

Question 5

Schwann cell

Answer 5

• glial cells that support the neuron

- produce a white fatty substance called myelin

Question 6

More of fancier

Answer 6

Gaps between Schwann cells

Question 7

Myelin Sheath

Answer 7

White fatty substance secreted by Schwann cells that covers the axon

Question 8

Terminal

Answer 8

Axon branches that lead to other cells

Question 9

Synaptic knobs

Answer 9

The end of the axonal branch

Question 10

Synaptic cleft

Answer 10

Space between axon terminal and dendrite

Question 11

Neuron

Answer 11

• basic unit of the nervous system

- carry messages called impulses

Question 12

Nerve impulses

Answer 12

Electrical and chemical (electrochemical)

Question 13

3 types of neurons

Answer 13

• sensory neurons
• inter neurons
• motor neurons

Question 14

Sensory neuron

Answer 14

Carry impulses from the sensors to the spinal cord

Question 15

Interneurons

Answer 15

Transmit impulses from one neuron to the next in the brain and spinal cord

Question 16

Motor neuron

Answer 16

Carry impulses from the spinal cord to the muscles (effectors)

Question 17

Nerve

Answer 17

• Bundle of neurons

- two main types: sensory and motor nerves

Question 18

Impulse

Answer 18

An electrical current that travels along the membrane of the axon

Question 19

Action potential

Answer 19

The change experienced across the membrane

Question 20

Irritability

Answer 20

The ability of a cell to respond to its environment

Question 21

Neurotransmitter

Answer 21

Chemical messengers

Question 22

Saltatory conduction

Answer 22

The impulse ability to jump from node to node

Question 23

Ligand hated channels

Answer 23

Channels that allow ions to pass based upon the binding of a chemical messenger

Question 24

Resting Membrane Potential (Polarized)

Answer 24

- sodium potassium pumps are open - 3 Na+ pumped out - 2 K+ pumped in - positive outside, negative inside

Question 25

Depolarization

Answer 25

- negative outside, positive inside | - Na+ leak into the cell

Question 26

Repolarization

Answer 26

- K+ (potassium) leaves | - refractory period

Question 27

Refractory period

Answer 27

Amount of time it takes for a membrane to ready itself for another impulse

Question 28

Central Nervous System

Answer 28

- Receives and processes information; initiate action | - consists of brain and spinal cord

Question 29

Periferal Nervous System

Answer 29

transmits signals between the CNS and the rest of the body

Question 30

Somatic Nervous System

Answer 30

Controls VOLUNTARY movements by activating skeletal muscles

Question 31

Autonomic Nervous System

Answer 31

Controls INVOLUNTARY responses by influencing organs, glands, and smooth muscle

Question 32

Sympathetic Division

Answer 32

Prepares the body for stressful or energetic activity; fight or flight

Question 33

Parasympathetic Division

Answer 33

Dominates during times of rest and rumination, directs main fence activity

Question 34

Resting Membrane Potential (Polarized)

Answer 34

- only sodium potassium pumps are opened - 3 sodium pumped out - 2 potassium pumped in - (-) 70 electric current - Na+ and K+ channels closed - negative charge in the inside becaus of DNA and protein there

Question 35

Depolarization

Answer 35

- Na+ channels open - Na+ enter - (+) 50 electric current - negative charge outside, positive charge inside - facilitated diffusion

Question 36

Repolarization

Answer 36

- K+ channels open - refractory period - K+ leaves cell - negative charge inside, positive charge outside

Question 37

Movement of Na+ and K+ Factors

Answer 37

- concentration gradient | - opposite charge

Question 38

Passage of an Impulse

Answer 38

1. Resting membrane potential 2. Depolarization 3. Repolarization 4. hyper polarization 5. Polarized

Question 39

Spinal Nerve- Gray matter

Answer 39

Contains cell bodies

Question 40

Spinal nerve- White matter

Answer 40

Contains myelinated axons