Science Quiz 10/11/13

Question 0

Lugol’s Solution

Answer 0

• tests for starch (carbohydrates)
• negative: amber
• positive test: purplish black

Question 1

Benedict’s Solution

Answer 1

• tests for simple sugar
• negative test: blue
• positive test: red orange

Question 2

Biuret’s Solution

Answer 2

• tests for amino acid
• negative: light blue
• positive: Grayish violet

Question 3

Brown Paper Bag

Answer 3

• tests for lipid
• negative test: not transparent
• positive test: transparent

Question 4

Monosaccharide

Answer 4

• fructose
• glucose
• galactose

Question 5

Disaccharide

Answer 5

• glucose + glucose= maltose (beer sugar)
• glucose + fructose= sucrose (table sugar)
• glucose + galactose= lactose (Milk sugar)

Question 6

Polysaccharide

Answer 6

• Starch: multiple polysaccharide units bonded together
• glycogen: animal sugar stored in the liver
• cellulose: plant polysaccharide (cell wall)
• chitin: insect exoskeleton

Question 7

Lipid

Answer 7

• three fatty acid and one glycerol
• nonpolar
• hydrophobic
• protects body from friction, allows organisms to store energy, insulation if organs

Question 8

Protein Hierarchy

Answer 8

A. Primary structure
- chain
B. Secondary Structure
- Alpha Beta: hydrophilic sides, hydrophobic inside
- Beta pleated sheet: three or more hydrogen bonds
C. Tertiary structure
D. Quaternary Structure

Question 9

Simple to Complex Amino Acid

Answer 9

Amino acid
Dipeptide
Polypeptide

Question 10

Protein

Answer 10

• made up of amino acid
• build: muscles, bone, nails or hair, antibodies for the immune system
• involved in the production of enzymes

Question 11

Enzymes

Answer 11

• discovered by Eduard Buchner in 1900

- suffix-ase

Question 12

Amylase

Answer 12

Found in the mouth

Used to break apart starch

Question 13

Protease

Answer 13

Breaks down proteins into amino acids

Question 14

Lipase

Answer 14

Break down fats into glycerol and fatty acids

Question 15

Catalysts

Answer 15

any substance that accelerates a chemical reaction without itself being changed

Question 16

Activation Energy (EA)

Answer 16

Minimum amount of energy required in order for a chemical reaction to occur

Question 17

Free energy

Answer 17

Amount of energy available for a reaction to occur

Question 18

Exergonic

Answer 18

Release of energy

Question 19

Endergonic

Answer 19

Take in energy

Question 20

Substrate

Answer 20

any substance acted upon an enzyme

Ex. Sugar, protein, lipid

Question 21

Enzyme Equation

Answer 21

E + S –> <– ES –> <– E + P

Question 22

Factors that Affect the Rate of Enzyme

Answer 22

• pH
• temperature
• enzyme/ substrate concentration

Question 23

Denature of an Enzyme

Answer 23

Caused by:

• low pH
• extreme high temperatures