Global- Chap 16: People and Empires in the Americas

Question 0

Pacific Northwest (Oregon to Alaska)

Answer 0

• home to the Kwakiutl, Nootka, and Haida

- used sea for resources

Question 1

Bering Strait

Answer 1

Land bridge hunter-gatherers crossed from Asia to the Americas

Question 2

Potlatch

Answer 2

• ceremony meant to show wealth

- families gave food, drinks, and gifts to the community

Question 3

Southwest

Answer 3

• dry, desert, harsh environment
• Hohokam (Arizona): irritation to farm, pottery
• Anasazi (Four Corners): cliff dwellings, pueblos

Question 4

Kivas

Answer 4

Underground ceremonial chambers the Anasazi built used for a variety of religious practices

Question 5

Mississippians

Answer 5

• last mound builders
• Cahokia: leading site, has flat topped pyramid with temple
• traded with people in the West and Mesoamerica
• villages based on farming and trade

Question 6

Woodland People

Answer 6

• formed political alliance to ensure protection of tribal lands
• Iroquois

Question 7

Iroquois

Answer 7

Group of Native American people who spoke related languages

Question 8

Hopewell

Answer 8

Mound builder society centered in the Ohio River Valley

Question 9

Totems

Answer 9

An object that identified an individual, clan, or groups

Question 10

Maya

Answer 10

• Mesoamerican civilization
• never unified into a single empire
• southern Mexico into northern Central America
• influenced by the Olmec
• played ball games
• mysterious decline

Question 11

Tikal

Answer 11

Most important Mayan political city

Question 12

Achievements of the Mayans

Answer 12

• calendars
• astronomy
• math (base 20 system)

Question 13

Glyphs

Answer 13

Hieroglyphic symbols used in Mayan writing (800 of these)

Question 14

Codex

Answer 14

Bark- paper book that the Mayans kept written records in

Question 15

Popul Vuh

Answer 15

A Mayan creation myth (gods had created humans out of maize and water)

Question 16

Teotihuacan

Answer 16

• first major civilization of central Mexico
• becomes center of a thriving trade network
• valuable trade items: obsidian (volcanic glass)

Question 17

Toltecs

Answer 17

• take over after Teotihucan collapses
• extremely warlike people
• Topiltzin: ruler that encouraged people to worship Quetzalcoatl, wanted to end human sacrifices

Question 18

Aztecs

Answer 18

• group from north that invade central Mexico
• first wandering warriors
• known for human sacrifices and dedication to sun god
• ended when conquered by Spanish explorers in 1500s

Question 19

Tenochtitlan

Answer 19

• capital of Aztec empire
• located in the center of Lake Texcoco
• planned city

Question 20

Causeways

Answer 20

Three raised roads that connected Tenochtitlan to the mainland

Question 21

Chinampas

Answer 21

Floating farms that the Aztecs received food from

Question 22

Montezuma II

Answer 22

• Aztec ruler
• convinced Cortes was a God, gave him a lot of gold
• weakens the empire

Question 23

Inca

Answer 23

• Andean empire

- capital: Cuzco (all roads lead to it)

Question 24

Pachacuti

Answer 24

- builds Incan empire - conquers all of Peru and neighboring lands - "Land of the Four Quarters"

Question 25

Ayllu

Answer 25

A small community or family groups whose members worked together for the common goods of the people

Question 26

Mita

Answer 26

Requirement that all able bodied subjects work for the state for a certain number of days each year

Question 27

Machu Picchu

Answer 27

- Famous fortress city high in the Andes | - shows Incan building skills

Question 28

Atahualpa

Answer 28

- last ruling Inca emperor | - executed by the Spanish

Question 29

Quipu

Answer 29

Knotted cords of various lengths and colors used to keep financial records

Question 30

Mamakuna

Answer 30

Priests of the Incan empire that sacrificed llamas for the gods

Question 31

Inti

Answer 31

Incan Sun god

Question 32

Viracocha

Answer 32

Incan creator god

Question 33

Huayna Capac

Answer 33

Ruled during the peak of the Incan empire