Hitties
- group of indo- European people
- occupied Anatolia
- Hattusas was the capital
- southwest Asia and Babylon
Indo- Europeans
Group of nomadic people who came from the stepped
Aryan
- a group of indo- European
- homeland is between the Caspian and Aral seas
- migrated to Indus River Valley
Vedas
- Aryans sacred literature which left a picture of Aryan life
- Rig Veda is the most important
Upanishads
Collection of comments from Hindu teachers trying to interpret and explain the hidden meaning of Verdic hymns
Reincarnation
Process by which an individual soul is born again and again until it achieve me moksha
Moksha
- State of perfect understanding of all things
- HINDUISM
Karma
- a soul’s good and bad deeds that follow from one reincarnation to another
- influences ones certain life circumstances
Dharma
Duty
Caste System
- Brahmin (priests)
- Kshatriya (Warriors)
- Vaishyas (Landowners/ traders)
- Sudra (Peasants)
Siddhartha Gautama
Founder of Buddhism
Nirvana
Buddha’s word for release from selfishness and pain
Minoans
- powerful seafaring people
- dominated trade on the Mediterranean
- lived on Crete
Knossos
Minoan capital
King Minos
- the Minoan king the city was named after
- had a half bull half human monster called the MINOTAUR that he kept locked up in a labyrinth
Phoenicians
- became the most powerful Mediterranean traders after Crete’s decline
- developed first alphabet
Monotheism
Belief in one god
Abraham
The person god chose to the “the father” of the Hebrew people
Hebrews
- homeland was Canaan
- later called the Jews
Torah
First five books of Herbrew Bible
Covenant
Mutual promise between God and the founder of Hebrew people
Moses
The man who led the Hebrews out of slavery
Ten Commandments
- stone tablet given to Moses on mount Sinai
- basis for civil Jewish law
Judaism
Religion of he Hebrew people
Israel
Name of the kingdom in which the Jews united under 3 kings: Saul, David, and Solomon
Babylonian Captivity
- Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar conquered the Assyrians
- Babylonians destroyed the temple of Soloman
- Cyrus of Persia conquered Babylonians and allowed 40,000 exiles to rebuild temple