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Flashcards in Practice Problems Deck (31)
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1
Q

The Chirality of Which Carbon will determine the L or D configuration in an amino acid?

A

Alpha carbon (Adjacent to the Carbonyl)

2
Q

Digestive problems when eating milk means

A

Difficulty splitting a Glycosidic Bond

NOT

a Sugar Bond (No such thing)

3
Q

Northern Blot vs. Southern Blot

A

Northern Blot = RNA
Southern Blot = DNA

Which means adding NaOH to a northern blot will hydrolyze the nucleic acid (RNA) because of a 2’ hydroxy group on the RNA not present on the DNA

4
Q

Inability to alter this position in the purine ring will lead to Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency

A

Amines are on the 6th position of the purine ring.

5
Q

The flip-flop of phosphatidylserine between membrane leaflets exposes which part of the phosphatidylserine to the environment?

A

The head group because it is hydrophillic and the enviorment is polar

6
Q

What type of bonds allow nucleotides to form long polymers?

A

A phosphodiester bond (no adjacent carbonyle on it)

7
Q

Mitochondrial Diseases

A

Inherited from mom and is dominant because the father doesn’t have a mitochondrial genome.

8
Q

What is the optimal pH for Lysozymes?

A

pH between 4-6

9
Q

How do you get protons into the lysosome?

A

Active pumping of protons into the organelle.

10
Q

Exhaling CO2 will do what to the pH of blood

A

Exhaling CO2 will cause the equilibrium to shift towards CO2 and leave less free protons increasing pH (less acidic)

11
Q

What amino acid side chain albumin participates in the buffering effct of keeping blood pH between 7.2 and 7.4?

A

Histidine

12
Q

Formation of Phospholipids do what to entropy of water?

A

Increases entropy of water

13
Q

Gout is the acummulation of what in the foot?

A

Crystals which are due to accumulation of purines.

14
Q

A single stranded DNA Molecule contains 20% A, 25% T, 30 % G, 25% . When the complement of this strand is synthesized, the T content of the resulting duplex will be what percentage?

A

22.5%

15
Q

How is HbA1C different from Hemeglobin?

A

It is a glycosylated version of Hemeglobin.

N-Terminal valine is glycosylated in the beta chains.

16
Q

How can you make a drug more soluble?

A

Add a hydrophillic group needs to be added.

17
Q

How do cell lines complement each other?

A

If mutations are at different genes?

18
Q

Exonuclease activity of DNA Polymerase is always

A

3’ to 5’ exonuclease activity

19
Q

Fragile X Syndrome

A

An extended triplet nucleotide repeat

20
Q

Xeroderma Pigmentosum is what type of mutation?

A

Nucleotide Excision Repair Mutation

21
Q

Which nucleotide base have amine groups to deaminate?

A

A, G and C

Adenosine, Guanine, and Cytosine

(Not Uracil, Thymine)

22
Q

High mutation rate of HIV is due to what enzyme?

A

RNA Polymerase

When RNA reverse transcribes DNA it doesn’t have any proofreading mechanisms so more mutations occur.

23
Q

Standard notation for writting DNA Sequences is to write them in what order?

A

5’ to 3’

24
Q

Prader Willi Syndrome is what type of Mutation?

A

Deletion on the long arm of Chromosome 15

25
Q

Bloom Syndrome

A

Defect in DNA Helicase

26
Q

Levoflaxin/Ciproflaxin inhibits which part of the bacterial enzyme…

A

Bacterial Topoisomerase

27
Q

Cokayne Syndrome

A

Defect in transcription coupled DNA Pair

28
Q

Lack of P53 Activity leads to

A

increase in DNA mutation rates because the checkpoint is no longer available.

29
Q

Nascent Okazaki Fragments have uracil why?

A

Because they have primers in them.

30
Q

Philidelphia Chromosome

A

Translocation between 9 and 22

Creation of fusion protein not normally found in cells

31
Q

DNA Synthesis requires the following components

A

Intact DNA

Replisome Complex

Deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates

Ribonucleoside Triphosphates

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