5th - Science Unit 3 Lesson 5 More Notes Flashcards

(17 cards)

0
Q

Over millions of years, sediment covered and compressed dead plants to form soft coal? What is another name for soft coal?

A

Bituminous coal

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1
Q

What are the remnants or traces of organisms from long ago that are preserved in soil or rock?

A

Fossils

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2
Q

What does heat and pressure on buried ocean plants and animals help form?

A

Oil and natural gas

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3
Q

What are coal, oil, and natural gas called collectively?

A

Fossil fuels

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4
Q

Scientists can tell how old a fossil is by testing the age of what around it?

A

The rock

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5
Q

The law of superposition says that each layer of rock is what compared to the layer below it?

A

Younger

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6
Q

What is the comparison that tells whether one fossil is older than another fossil?

A

Relative age

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7
Q

When fossil fuels are burned they release energy from what that was stored in ancient plants?

A

Sunlight

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8
Q

Because they are used up faster than they are made, fossil fuels are what type of resource?

A

Nonrenewable

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9
Q

What are sources of energy other than fossil fuels called?

A

Alternative energy sources

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10
Q

Running or falling water spins generators to make electricity where?

A

In a hydroelectric plant

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11
Q

What is energy, which does not pollute, from the Sun called?

A

Solar

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12
Q

Nuclear power is produced by changes in the centers of what that release heat?

A

Atoms

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13
Q

Heat from deep inside the Earth that can produce electricity and provide hot water is called what?

A

Geothermal energy

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14
Q

You use energy when you ride in a __________ or use anything at home that runs on ___________.

A

Car; electricity

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15
Q

What is it called when you do not waste energy?

A

You conserve it.

16
Q

How did ancient organisms become fossil fuels?

A

When ancient organisms died, layers of sediment built up on top of them. Pressure from the weight of the layers of sediment pressed the dead plants together and formed peat. As the peat hardened, it turned into soft coal and then to hard coal. OR partly decayed parts of ocean organisms were buried deep under the ocean. There, a combination of heat, the weight of the rock, and the action of bacteria turned the decayed materials into oil and natural gas.