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From Flashcardlet > 5th - SS Chapter 5 LA's Early People > Flashcards

5th - SS Chapter 5 LA's Early People Flashcards

0
Q

A garbage mound left by prehistoric people?

A

Midden

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1
Q

A scientist who studies the items left behind by ancient peoples to determine how they lived?

A

Archaeologist

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2
Q

A wanderer?

A

Nomad

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3
Q

A throwing stick with weights used by prehistoric people to throw spears with more force and for farther distances?

A

Atlatl

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4
Q

A raised are created by prehistoric people’s and thought to be used for ceremonial and burial purposes?

A

Mound

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5
Q

An item left behind by ancient people and studies by archaeologists to determine how they lived; examples include bits of stone, bone, pottery, tools, cave paintings, weavings, skeletons, items buried with the dead, leftover trash?

A

Artifact

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6
Q

Farming?

A

Agriculture

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7
Q

A mound built by prehistoric Indians and used for religious ceremonies?

A

Temple Mound

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8
Q

Natural resistance to disease?

A

Immunity

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9
Q

A group of people who share a common ancestry, language, name, and way of living?

A

Tribe

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10
Q

A formal agreement between two or more nations?

A

Treaty

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11
Q

A tribal symbol; an animal, plant, or natural object serving as a symbol of a clan or family?

A

Totem

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12
Q

A group of people who believe themselves related by blood?

A

Clan

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13
Q

A peace pipe?

A

Calumet

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14
Q

A dugout made by Native Americans and the French; cypress logs were partially burned and the burned section scraped out?

A

Pirogue

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15
Q

What are the four groups of Prehistoric Indians in Louisiana? (In order from oldest to youngest)

A
  1. Paleo Indians
  2. Meso Indians
  3. Early Neo Indians
  4. Late Neo Indians
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16
Q

What are some characteristics of the Paleo Indians?

A
  1. Oldest Indians
  2. Nomads
  3. Hunted in small groups with spears
  4. Clothing made from animal skins
  5. Lived in temporary shelters
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17
Q

What are some characteristics of the Meso Indians?

A
  1. Nomadic but stayed in one place longer
  2. Used a atlatl for hunting
  3. Built more permanent homes - mounds
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18
Q

What are some characteristics of the Early Neo Indians?

A
  1. Made pottery
  2. Used bow and arrows to hunt
  3. Built villages and lived there seasonally
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19
Q

What are some characteristics of the Late Neo Indians?

A
  1. Built more permanent homes
  2. Switched from gathering to agriculture for food
  3. Grew crops using the intercropping method
  4. Built temple mounds for religious ceremonies
20
Q

What were the Historic Indian Tribes of Louisiana?

A
  1. Atakapa
  2. Natchez
  3. Caddo
  4. Choctaw
  5. Houma
  6. Tunica-Biloxi
  7. Chitimach
  8. Coushatta
21
Q

How were the Atakapa described?

A

As cannibals

22
Q

What was special about the Natchez tribe?

A

Had an unusual social structure - class system consisting of common people, nobles, and Chiefs

23
Q

Who killed many of the Natchez Indians and why?

A

The French. When the French moved into the area, they took the best farmland. The Natchez responded by attacking the French settlement. In response, the French then killed many Natchez and driving the rest from the region.

24
Q

What name was applied to the group of tribes including the Natchitoches and the Ouachita

A

The Caddo

25
Q

Where was the traditional home of the Caddo Indians?

A

The Red River and its tributaries

26
Q

What did the Caddo Indians’ hunt?

A

They shared their home land with herds of bison which they hunted from horseback.

27
Q

Who were the second largest tribe in the southeastern United States?

A

Choctaw Indians

28
Q

Who side did the Choctaw take in the long-standing conflict between the French and the British?

A

They were allied with the French

29
Q

How did the Choctaw live?

A

They were farmers and traders

30
Q

What tribe greeted the early French explorer Robert de La Salle?

A

The Houma Indians

31
Q

What is the totem (tribal symbol) of the Houma Indians and serves as a symbol of kinship and protection?

A

Crawfish

32
Q

What was another symbol of the Houma Indians? This tall red pole on the banks of the Mississippi marked the boundary between the hunting grounds of the Houma and the Bayougoula.

A

Istrouma or Isti Houma

33
Q

What happened to the Tunica ancestral home?

A

They were pushed away from their ancestral home by the Chickasaw

34
Q

Who were the greatest traders?

A

The Tunica

35
Q

What was the Tunica’s totem or tribal symbol?

A

The rattlesnake

36
Q

What was special about the Chitimacha tribe?

A

Women could hold political power and serve as healers but could not hold any powerful religious position.

37
Q

What was special about the Coushatta tribe?

A

They lived in clans made of many families.

38
Q

How was the village or community life organized?

A

They are organized around a tribe or clan which are headed by a chief or chiefs.

39
Q

What were the clothing of the early Indians?

A

Men - breech cloths held up with belts

Women - simple skirts

Children - simply and sometimes did not wear any clothes during the summer

Moccasins - when shoes were needed

Tattoos

Jewelry

40
Q

What kinds of work did they do?

A

Farmed, hunted, fished, gathered wild plants, cleared land, constructed houses and boats, weaved baskets, made pottery or crafted other utensils

41
Q

What type of homes did the Indians live in?

A

Built rectangular log houses (filling cracks with clay for warmth) and round summer house of woven grass.

42
Q

What way did the door face? And why?

A

The small door faced the east for good luck.

43
Q

What are some of the things the Indians used for food?

A

Nuts, berries, root vegetables, corn, beans, squash, bison and bear

44
Q

What was the Indians religion based on?

A

It was based on their concept of the world. Everything in the world had a place as part of a sacred world.

45
Q

What were the basis of the Indians religion?

A

Festivals in which dance and music were an important part

46
Q

Who usually led the tribes?

A

A war chief (military leader) and a peace chief (handled the tribal matters)

47
Q

What was part of a formal ceremony and part of an agreement to avoid war?

A

Smoking the calumet or peace pipe

48
Q

How were criminal acts handled in the tribes?

A

They were not tolerated and the punishment was severe including beating, banishment and even death.

From Flashcardlet (508 decks)

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