Blood Markers For GI Block

Question 1

What does CA-125 indicate?

Answer 1

IBS
Ovarian cancer
Perionteal masses

Question 2

What does CA 19-9 indicate?

Answer 2

Pancreatic cancer and Gall bladder cancer

Question 3

What does alpha-fetoprotein indicate?

Answer 3

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Question 4

what does cea marker mean

Answer 4

Indicator of colorectal cancer, but may also be elevated in gall bladder and pancreatic cancer

Question 5

What does faecal calprotectin indicate?

Answer 5

IBD

Question 6

What is the most common extraintestinal feature in IBD?

Answer 6

Arthritis that is asymmetric

Question 7

What extrainetsnal manifestations are related to disease activity?

Answer 7

Arthritis:
Erythema nodosum
Episcleritis
Osteoporosis

Question 8

What extrainetsnal manifestations are NOT related to disease activity?

Answer 8

Arthritis: polyarticular, symmetric
Uveitis
Pyoderma gangrenosum
Clubbing
Primary sclerosing cholangitis

Question 9

What is uveitis more common in?

Answer 9

Ulcerative colitis

Question 10

What is episcleritis more common in?

Answer 10

Chroni’s disease

Question 11

When does Crohn’s have bloody diarrhoea?

Answer 11

Crohn’s colitis
-> greater risk of extrantestinal features with colitis or perianal disease

Question 12

What is the imaging features of Crohn’s?

Answer 12

Small bowel enema will show kantor’s string sign of a strictre in termina ileum

Rose thorn ulcers
Fistula

Question 13

What will imaging show for UC?

Answer 13

Loss of haustrations
Pseudopolyps
Drainpipe colon that is narrow and short

Question 14

What is severe IBD?

Answer 14

More than six stools a day, containing blood

Evidence of systemic disturbance, e.g.
fever
tachycardia
abdominal tenderness, distension or reduced bowel sounds
anaemia
hypoalbuminaemia

Question 15

What is moderate UC flare?

Answer 15

Four to six stools a day, with minimal systemic disturbance

Question 16

What is mild UC flare?

Answer 16

Fewer than four stools daily, with or without blood

No systemic disturbance

Normal erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein values

Question 17

Which medications are related to UC flare?

Answer 17

NSAIDs
Antibiotics
Smoking cessation

Question 18

What is first line for UC

Answer 18

Topical

Question 19

What is 2nd line for UC?

Answer 19

Oral aminsalicylae

Question 20

What is 3rd line for mild UC?

Answer 20

Topical/oral corticosteroid

Question 21

What is proctodigmoiditis?

Answer 21

Inflammation of sigmoid and rectum, managed with topical aminosalicylate

Question 22

How is proctosigmoidiitis managed 2nd line?

Answer 22

High dose oral aminosalicylate
OR
Topical corticosteroid+
High dose oral

Question 23

What is given for extensive disease in UC?

Answer 23

Topical aminosalicylate + high dose Oral

Question 24

What is given for second line in extensive disease in UC?

Answer 24

After 4 weeks, offer high dose ORAL aminosalicylate + oral corticosteroid

Question 25

What is given when steroids are contraindicated for severe UC?

Answer 25

IV Ciclosporin

Question 26

What is given to maintain remission in proctitis and proctosgimoiditis?

Answer 26

Topical aminosalicylate OR Oral aminosalicyate

Question 27

What should be given for UC severe relapse or >=2 exacerbations in the past year?

Answer 27

Oral azathriopine Oral mercaptopurine

Question 28

How does mercatopurine work?i

Answer 28

Note refers with purine synthesis

Question 29

When is surgery done for UC?

Answer 29

Toxic megacolon or perforation or unresponsive to optimal medical therapy Subtotal colectomy Restorative colectomy Complete panproctocolecyomy