Passmed Endo

Question 1

What is the definitive management of primary hyperparathyoridism?

Answer 1

TOTAL parathyroidectomy

Question 2

Which diabetic drug increases the risk of ulcers, infections or amputations?

Answer 2

Canagiflozin

Question 3

What does cortisol suppression only with high dose dexamethasone mean?

Answer 3

Cushing’s disease

Question 4

What causes high prolactin?

Answer 4

pregnancy
prolactinoma
physiological
polycystic ovarian syndrome
primary hypothyroidism
phenothiazines, metoclopramide, domperidone

Question 5

Which type of multiple endocrine neoplasia causes prolactin to be high?

Answer 5

MEN type 1

Question 6

What is the most common presentation of MEN1?

Answer 6

Hypercalcaemia and the parathyroid gland is the most commonly affected with parathyroid hyperplasia causing primary hyperparathyoridism

Question 7

What causes patchy nuclear scintigraph uptake?

Answer 7

Multniodular goitre

Question 8

What causes diffuse low uptake?

Answer 8

Subacute thyorid it’s

Question 9

What causes a solitary hot area?

Answer 9

Toxic adenoma

Question 10

What cardiac issue is acromegaly associated with?

Answer 10

Cardiomyoapthy

Question 11

What is first line for patients with Hypertension and 2DM?

Answer 11

ARB like losartan

Question 12

What is the DKA resolution?

Answer 12

pH >7.3 and
blood ketones < 0.6 mmol/L and
bicarbonate > 15.0mmol/L

Switch the patient to subcutaneous insulin so long as she is eating and drinking normally

Question 13

How is hypoglycaemia with impaired neurofuncitioning treated?

Answer 13

IV glucose

Question 14

What is a risk of radioiodine therapy?

Answer 14

Hypothyoridism

Question 15

When should a second drug be added in T2DM?

Answer 15

HbA1c OVER 58

Question 16

What MUST be given before beta blocker in phaechromocytoma?

Answer 16

Phenoxybenzamine, a non selective alpha blocker which will reduce risk of hypertensive emergency.

Question 17

What is the initial treatment of hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar state?

Answer 17

IV fluids

Question 18

What must be investigated first in hypercalcaemia?

Answer 18

PTH levels

Question 19

Which drug causes gynaecomastia?

Answer 19

Digoxin
Spironolactone is most common
Finasteride
Cimetidine

Question 20

What are the causes of hypoglycaemia?

Answer 20

EXPLAIN

Exogenous drugs (typically sulfonylureas or insulin)
Pituitary insufficiency
Liver failure
Addison’s disease
Islet cell tumours (insulinomas)
Non-pancreatic neoplasms

Question 21

When is the only time prolactinoma is treated with transphenoidal surgery?

Answer 21

Non functional adenoma which causes stalk compression and slightly raised prolactin, indicated by headaches and vision disturbance

Question 22

What is tiredness and pigmentation of baccalaureate mucosa an indicator of?

Answer 22

addiosn’s disease

Question 23

What is subacute thyorid also know as?

Answer 23

De Quervain’s thyoriditis

Question 24

What is the preferred investigation for type 1 diabetes?

Answer 24

Random plasma glucose over 11
Fasting glucose over 7

Question 25

What causes arm and leg weakness, wih weight gain and hypertensive?

Answer 25

Cushing’s syndorme

Question 26

What causes arm and leg weakness, wih weight gain and hypotensive?

Answer 26

Hypothyoridism

Question 27

When does insulin Im occur?

Answer 27

MEN type 1

Question 28

What does low orbitals with short synacthen test indicate?

Answer 28

Addison’s disease

Question 29

What is first line treatment for type 1 diabetes?

Answer 29

Multiple daily basal-bolus insulin

Question 30

What is the tibial management of diabetic ketoacidosis?i

Answer 30

Isotonic saline over an hour, even if patient is severly acidoti

Question 31

What is reduced in stress?

Answer 31

Insulin Testosterone Oestrogen

Question 32

What is thyroid storm treated with?

Answer 32

Beta blockers Hydrocortisone Propylthiouracil

Question 33

What is neuropathy feature in diabetes?

Answer 33

Glove and stocking, with burning or shooting pain affecting lower legs first. Loss of sensation ascending up

Question 34

What causes only ACTH suppression in dexamethasone suppression test?

Answer 34

Adrenal adenoma

Question 35

What is used to distinguish between unilateral adenoma and bilateral hyperplasia?

Answer 35

Adrenal venous sampling

Question 36

What menstrual abnromalities is associated with hyperthyroidism?

Answer 36

Oligomennorhoea or amenorrhoea

Question 37

What menstrual abnromalities is associated with hypothyroidism?

Answer 37

Menorrhagia

Question 38

What is the initial treatment of hypoadrenalism?

Answer 38

Rapid steroid replacement with fluid when in hospital

Question 39

How does malignancy affect PTH and PTHrP?

Answer 39

Hypercalcaemia PTHrP PTH is low

Question 40

What is the insulin management in DKA?

Answer 40

starting fixed-rate insulin, continuing regular long-acting insulin, and stopping regular short-acting insulin

Question 41

What is the inheritance of MODY?

Answer 41

Autosomal dominant

Question 42

What does low sodium, high potassium, low glucose) and the history of steroid use indicate?

Answer 42

Addisonian crisis

Question 43

What is the treatment of myxdema coma?

Answer 43

Thyroxine Hydrocortisone