PPT Anticoagulants Flashcards
(38 cards)
What type of drug is Dabigatran?
Reversible Thrombin IIa inhibitor
What is Bivaluridine classified as?
Reversible Thrombin IIa inhibitore
What do UFH, LMWH, and fonaparinux bind to?
Antithrombin
How is Heparin derived?
From pigs
How is LMWH administered?
Subcutaneous injection
How is fonaparinux administered?
Subcutaneous injection- it binds to antithrombin and increases inhibiton.
How is UFH administered?
Infusion pump from continuous IV or subcutaneous injection
What additional effect does high molecular weight heparin like UFH have?
Bridging antithrombin and thrombin, acting as a catalytic template
What does LMWH mainly inhibit?
Factor Xa
What is Fondaparinu?
A synthetic analogue of naturally occurring pentasaccharide sequence
What condition does heparin-induced thrombocytopenia cause?
IgG mediated thrombosis with low platelet due to platelet consumption
What are the absolute contraindications for further heparin therapy?
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
What elecrolyte effects can heparin cause?
Hyperkalemia and hyponatremia due to anti-aldosterone effect
Which vitamin K anticoagulant factors are mentioned?
- Protein C
- Protein S
What type of substrate is Warfarin?
Cytochrome P450 substrate
Which hepatic enzyme metabolizes Warfarin?
CYP2C9
Which agents can prolong PT time by inhibiting hepatic CYP2C9?
- Fluconazole
- Metronidazole
- Amiodarone
- Sulphamethoxazole
What can alter intestinal flora and reduce vitamin K synthesis?
- Cotrimoxazole
- Metronidazole
- Macrolide
- Fluoroquinolones
What can reduce the anticoagulation effect of Warfarin?
Induction of hepatic CYP2C9 enzyme
What can bypass the effects of Warfarin?
Large intake of vitamin K
What effect does St John’s wort have on Warfarin?
It is a cytochrome P450 inducer so it Reduces its effect
What should be avoided while on Warfarin?
Binge drinking
What should patients with head injury be monitored for?
In hospital
What can interfere with Warfarin metabolism?
Antibiotics
