PPT Angina Drugs Flashcards
(80 cards)
What are the non-dihydropyridines mentioned?
Verapamil and diltiazem
These drugs gain access to Ca2+ channels when in an open state and have antiarrhythmic properties used in atrial fibrillation.
How do dihydropyridine CCBs preferentially bind?
L- type calcium channels in the vascular smooth muscle when inactivated
Dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers are the most potent peripheral arterial dilators.
What is the most potent peripheral arterial dilator?
Dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers
They are vascular selective due to the high abundance of inactive Ca2+ channels in vascular smooth muscle.
What effect can verapamil have on cardiac function?
Reduced cardiac contractility
This is a significant consideration in its use.
Which drugs exhibit a negative chronotropic effect?
Diltiazem and verapamil
This effect relates to a decrease in heart rate.
What do nitrates do to vascular smooth muscle?
Cause dilation of venous capacitance vessels, arterial resistance vessels, and coronary arteries
They also induce reflex tachycardia.
Name a modified release form of nitrate.
Isosorbide mononitrate
This form is used to manage tolerance development.
What is the purpose of nitrate dosing regimes?
10-12 hour interval To reduce tolerance development
This is important to maintain the efficacy of nitrates.
What is the action of nicorandil?
Causes vasodilation of systemic and coronary arteries. It also causes prolonged opening of K+ and there is no diminished tolerance with its use unlike other nitrates
It reduces myocardial oxygen demand and causes reflex tachycardia.
What does ivabradine inhibit?
The funny current
This action slows the rate of firing in the sinus node.
How does ranolazine reduce oxygen demand?
By inhibiting the late sodium current
It reduces Ca2+ accumulation and lowers cardiac wall tension.
What does nifedipine inhibit?
It is a DHP which inhibits L-type calcium channels in vascular smooth muscle
This leads to hypotension and reflex tachycardia.t
What types of drugs reduce heart rate and contractility?
Beta blockers, Non-DHP CCBs, ivabradine, and ranolazine
These drugs are used to manage various cardiac conditions.
Which drugs reduce arterial resistance and cause reflex tachycardia?
Nifedipine, nitrates, and nicorandil
These drugs have significant vascular effects.
What are the non-dihydropyridines mentioned?
Verapamil and diltiazem
These drugs gain access to Ca2+ channels when in an open state and have antiarrhythmic properties used in atrial fibrillation.
How do dihydropyridine CCBs preferentially bind?
When inactivated
Dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers are the most potent peripheral arterial dilators.
What is the most potent peripheral arterial dilator?
Dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers like amlodipine, nifedipine and felodipine
They are vascular selective due to the high abundance of inactive Ca2+ channels in vascular smooth muscle.
What effect can verapamil have on cardiac function?
Reduced cardiac contractility by inhibiting L type calcium channels in the heart
This is a significant consideration in its use.
Which drugs exhibit a negative chronotropic effect?
Diltiazem and verapamil by inhibiting l type calcium channels in the heart.
This effect relates to a decrease in heart rate.
What do nitrates do to vascular smooth muscle?
Cause dilation of venous capacitance vessels, arterial resistance vessels, and coronary arteries
They also induce reflex tachycardia.
Name a modified release form of nitrate.
Isosorbide mononitrate
This form is used to manage tolerance development.
What is the purpose of a 10-12 hour nitrate free interval?
To reduce tolerance development
This is important to maintain the efficacy of nitrates.
What is the action of nicorandil?
Causes vasodilation of systemic and coronary arteries
It reduces myocardial oxygen demand and causes reflex tachycardia.
What does ivabradine inhibit?
The funny current
This action slows the rate of firing in the sinus node.
