Budd-chiari Syndrome Flashcards
(13 cards)
What is Budd-Chiari syndrome also known as?
Hepatic vein thrombosis
It is often associated with underlying haematological diseases or procoagulant conditions.
Name a common cause of Budd-Chiari syndrome.
Polycythaemia rubra vera
Other causes include thrombophilia and pregnancy.
What is one type of thrombophilia that can lead to Budd-Chiari syndrome?
Activated protein C resistance
Other forms include antithrombin III deficiency and protein C & S deficiencies.
What is a significant risk factor for Budd-Chiari syndrome during pregnancy?
Combined oral contraceptive pill
This accounts for around 20% of cases.
What are the classical features of Budd-Chiari syndrome?
Triad of:
* Abdominal pain: sudden onset, severe
* Ascites: abdominal distension
* Tender hepatomegaly
These symptoms indicate liver involvement.
What is the initial radiological investigation for Budd-Chiari syndrome?
Ultrasound with Doppler flow studies
This investigation is very sensitive for detecting the condition.
What is the most common cause of Budd-Chiari Syndrome?
Hypercoagulable states (e.g. polycythemia vera, Factor V Leiden, antiphospholipid syndrome).
What imaging is done for Budd-Chiari?
First line is Doppler ultrasound – shows absent or reversed hepatic vein flow. CT and MRI is also performed.
What might CT/MRI show in Budd-Chiari Syndrome?
Hepatic vein obstruction, caudate lobe hypertrophy.
What does liver biopsy show in Budd-Chiari?
Centrilobular congestion and fibrosis.
Which lobe is affected in Budd-Chiari Syndrome?
Caudate lobe which drains directly into the IVC and compensates for blocked hepatic veins.
What lab findings might suggest Budd-Chiari Syndrome?
Elevated AST/ALT, ALP, bilirubin; low platelets (if portal hypertension is present).
Outline the treatment options for Budd-Chiari Syndrome.
Anticoagulation, Diuretics for ascites, Angioplasty/stenting, TIPS, Liver transplant (if severe).
