Gastirc Cancer Flashcards
(12 cards)
What is the most prevalent type of gastric cancer?
Gastric adenocarcinoma
It arises from the glandular epithelium of the stomach lining.
What triggers inflammation of the gastric mucosa leading to gastric adenocarcinoma?
Helicobacter pylori
This inflammation can result in atrophy and intestinal metaplasia, leading to dysplasia.
Name a dietary risk factor for gastric adenocarcinoma.
Salt and salt-preserved foods
Nitrates in the diet are also considered a risk factor.
Which ethnicities have a higher incidence of gastric adenocarcinoma?
Japan, China
These populations exhibit a notably higher prevalence of the disease.
List two symptoms of gastric adenocarcinoma.
- Abdominal pain
- Weight loss and anorexia
Other symptoms include nausea, vomiting, and dysphagia.
What type of lymph node involvement is associated with lymphatic spread in gastric adenocarcinoma?
Left supraclavicular lymph node (Virchow’s node)
A periumbilical nodule (Sister Mary Joseph’s node) may also be present.
What is the primary investigation for diagnosing gastric adenocarcinoma?
Oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopy with biopsy
Signet ring cells may be identified during this procedure.
What imaging modality is indicated for staging gastric adenocarcinoma?
CT scan of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis
This helps to look for metastatic disease.
Fill in the blank: Higher numbers of _______ cells are associated with a worse prognosis in gastric cancer.
signet ring
These cells contain a large vacuole of mucin that displaces the nucleus.
What are the surgical options for managing gastric adenocarcinoma?
- Endoscopic mucosal resection
- Partial gastrectomy
- Total gastrectomy
The choice depends on the extent and site of the cancer.
True or False: Overt upper gastrointestinal bleeding is common in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma.
False
It is seen only in a minority of patients.
What additional staging modalities can be used for gastric adenocarcinoma?
- Endoscopic ultrasound
- (FDG)-PET scanning
- Pre-operative staging laparoscopy
These can provide further information on the extent of the disease.
