Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Year 3 > Respiratory > Flashcards

Respiratory Flashcards

(59 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What causes coarse Inspiratory crepitation?

A

Bronchieactasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the risks factors for aspiration pneumonia?

A

alcoholism, malnutrition, and poor oral hygiene, and there is also a suspicion of previous episodes of vomiting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What causes caesating granuloma?

A

Tuberculosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What causes non caesating granuloma?

A

Sarcoidosis

Crohn’s disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What causes Patchy opacification across both upper zones?

A

Tuberculosis as there is more oxygen in the upper zones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the cause of A well circumscribed homogenous opacity in the right middle zone?

A

A mass, indicating lng cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What causes A wedge shaped opacification in the left middle zone?

A

Pulmonary infarction, seen in PE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a useful alternative to sputum samples?

A

Bronchoalveolar lavage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the pharmacological treatment of influenza?

A

Neuroaminidase inhibitors like oseltamivir for risk of complications

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What do coarse crackles indicate?

A

Reduced mucous clearance, associated with cystic fibrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are ronchi?

A

Coarse load abnromal breath sounds during exaltation due to airflow turbulence in larger airways

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does it mean if ronchi improve with coughing?

A

Acute bronchitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the gold standard for food allergy?

A

Food challenge test where child is gradually given increasing quantities of allergen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is first line investigation for food allergy?

A

Skin prick testing
Blood testing for IgE levels to different food allergens as these are more time efficient in acute scenarios

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the issues with IgE testing for food allergy?

A

Sensitisation can occur and produce false positives in the abscence of symptoms of allergy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What should be suspected in a patient with signs of dyspnoea and abnromal CXR findings that has recently started biologic therapy?

A

tuberculosis latent reactivation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the initial blood gas findings for aspirin overdose?

A

Respiratory alkalosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are bronchial breaths sounds?

A

Harsh and loud high pitched sound between breathing, indicating consolidation or lung collapse.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are indicators of risk of respiratory failure?

A

Increasing tachypnoea
New-onset bronchial breath sounds
Decreasing oxygen saturation

-> it is important to issue with intensive care unit for mechanical ventilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

When will V/Q scan be used in pulmonary embolism?

A

Allergy to iodine which is used in the contrast mediums for CTPA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Which condition is haemophilius influenza associated with?

25
Which condition is pseudomonas aerugiosa associated with?
Cystic fibrosis Bronchieactasis
26
When to rule out TB as a differential for pneumonia?
Absence of night sweats, haemoptysis and severity
27
What are the normal lung findings on spirometry?
FEV1/FVC > 0.7; FEV1 < 80% of expected; FVC < 80% of expected
28
What are the spirometry findings for restrictive lung disease?
FEV1/FVC > 0.7; FEV1 < 80% of expected; FVC < 80% of expected
29
What are the lung Findings for COPD?
FEV1/FVC < 0.7; FEV1 < 80% of expected; FVC > 80% of expected
30
What is a cavitating lesion caused by?
A cavity filled material caused by : Infection Malignancy Rheumatoid nodules Sarcoidosis
31
What is the cause of multiple circular masses on CXR?
Indicates cannonball metases from renal cell carcinoma typically
32
Which drug used in respiratory medicine causes high INR?
Metronidazole when interacting with warfarin because it is a cytochrome P450 inhibitor
33
What causes Intra-alveolar exudate?
Lobar pneumonia
34
What is the Reid index used for?chr
Chronic bronchitis based on over 50% value for diagnosis being: Thickness of mucosal gland layer compared to wall between cartilage and epithelial cella
35
What are ferruginous bodies?
Ferruginous bodies are present in mesothelioma and are brown and dmbeel shaped, visualised with Prussian blue stain. Ferruginous bodies caan also be found in silica or coal inhalation
36
What does drum cough and rashes across trunk in young patient indicate?
Mycoplasma pneumonia causing erythema multi flame on trunk because of haemolytic anaemia.
37
What is the diagnostic test for myocoplasma pneumonia? col
Serology Cold agglutin mediated by IgG Positive Coombs test
38
What is the risk for mycoplasma pneumonia?
outbreaks in crowded areas and living conditions like young university students
39
What is the cause of bilateral effusion? hea
Heart failure
40
What is the cause of unilateral effusion?
Malignancy Pleural effusion
41
How much of the Light’s criteria must be satisfied for pleural effusion being exudative?
Only one criteria
42
How to differentiate between URTI and chest infection?
Chest infection will have PERSISTENT cough and shortness of breath with acute onset. URTI will have runny nose and sore throat.
43
What are the common causes of chest infection? a
Acute bronchitis Pneumonia Infective exacerbation of asthma or COPD
44
How to manage elderly patient with pulmonary fibrosis and suspected LRTI?
Antibiotics
45
What does an acute history of infection with diffuse crackles and bilateral infiltrates indicate? In the absence of WBC
Viral pneumonia, a complication of influenza- there will be elevated CRP and hyperglycaemia
46
Which pathogen is associated with birds?
Chlamydia psittaci that can cause pneumonia which is atypical
47
What is a key contraindication for LTOT?
Smoking
48
What is a low transfer coefficient factor value?
Below 75% -> occurs with fibrosis Emphysema Pulmonary hypertension Age Smoking Anaemia
49
How does altitude affect blood gas?
respiratory alkalosis
50
What medication causes tremor?
SABA
51
Opiate overdose blood gas
Respiratory acidosis
52
Stroke blood gas
Respiratory alkalosis
53
What salicylate poisoning?
Respiratory alkalosis
54
What is Beclamethasone dipropionate? in
Inhaled cortistoerid
55
How does residual volume change wih age?
Increases
56
How does Pyrexia affect oxygen disassociation curve?
Shifts to the right
57
How does carboxyhaemoglobin affect oxygen dissociation curve?
To the left along with methaemoglobin
58
How does polycythaemia affect oxygen disassociation curve?
To the right
59
What pathogen is assoicated with pneumonia and recent influenza infection?
Staph aureus, causing necrotising pneumonia in young person

Year 3 (395 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions