OSCE Haemotology Flashcards
(43 cards)
What is a core needle biopsy?
A procedure used to take a small sample of tissue from a specific area in the body, usually to check for conditions like cancer or other diseases.
The procedure uses a special hollow needle to remove a small sample of tissue, which is then sent to a lab for examination.
What preparations are needed before a core needle biopsy?
- Avoid eating or drinking for a few hours if sedation is needed
- Inform the doctor about blood-thinning medications because these need to be stopped
- May involve a physical exam or imaging test
What happens during a core needle biopsy?
- The area is cleaned and numbed
- A hollow needle is inserted to remove a tissue sample. You may feel some pressure or popping sensation when the needle is inserted, but it shouldn’t be painful.
- The procedure usually takes 10 to 30 minutes and pressure wille applied to the area to stop bleeding and a bandage over the site.
Does a core needle biopsy hurt?
Generally, it is not painful due to local anesthesia, but some may feel pressure or discomfort.
- After the procedure, the area may feel sore, and you may experience some bruising or swelling, but this usually goes away after a few days.
What are the risks associated with a core needle biopsy?
- Bleeding
- Infection
- Bruising or swelling
- Pain
What aftercare tips are recommended post-core needle biopsy?
- Rest for the day
- Keep the site clean and dry
- Use over-the-counter pain relievers as needed
- Avoid heavy activity
- Avoid heavy activity or exercise for a few days, especially if the biopsy was done on an area that is frequently moved (like the chest or abdomen).
- If you notice any signs of infection, such as increased redness, swelling, heat, or pus at the biopsy site, contact your doctor immediately.
What foods or medications should be avoided before a core needle biopsy?
- Fasting may be required for a few hours
- Avoid blood-thinning medications unless advised otherwise
When will results from a core needle biopsy be available?
Results usually take several days to a week and avoid alcohol or blood thinners for a few days after the rocedure
Why is a core needle biopsy performed?
- Diagnose cancer
- Check for infections or inflammation
- Investigate abnormal growths
- Monitor known conditions
What is a fine needle biopsy?
A procedure that uses a very thin, hollow needle to take a small sample of tissue from a suspicious area in the body. The sample of tissue collected is then sent to a lab, where doctors can examine it more closely to determine if there is a problem.
What happens during a fine needle biopsy?
- Performed at a doctor’s office, clinic or outpatient center
*The area is cleaned and numbed - A very thin needle is inserted to take a tissue sample
- The procedure usually takes around 10 to 20 minutes
What are the risks associated with a fine needle biopsy?
- Bleeding
- Infection
- Bruising or soreness
- Pneumothorax (for lung biopsies)
What aftercare tips are recommended post-fine needle biopsy?
- Resume normal activities unless advised otherwise
- Apply gentle pressure if bleeding occurs next keep biopsy site clean and dry
- Rest for the first day
When will results from a fine needle biopsy be available?
Results typically take a few days to a week.
Why is a fine needle biopsy performed?
- Diagnose cancer
- Check for infections
- Examine abnormal growths
- Aid treatment decisions
What is cytogenetic testing?
A test that examines chromosomes to identify changes or abnormalities that may cause health problems.
What happens during cytogenetic testing?
- Usually involves a blood sample or tissue sample from a tumour or bone marrow
- The sample is analyzed in a lab for chromosomal abnormalities
What are the risks associated with cytogenetic testing?
- Mild bruising or swelling for blood samples
- Risks of bleeding, infection, or pain for biopsies which are uncommon
What aftercare tips are recommended post-cytogenetic testing?
- Resume normal activities after blood test
- bone marrow or tissue biopsy
- pain relief
- avoid heavy physical activity
- Rest after a biopsy and follow specific instructions
When will results from cytogenetic testing be available?
Results can take several days to a week
Why is cytogenetic testing performed?
- Diagnose genetic disorders
- Monitor certain cancers
- Investigate infertility or miscarriage
- Identify genetic causes of unexplained conditions
What is a bone marrow biopsy?
A procedure to take a small sample of bone marrow to diagnose or monitor blood disorders and cancers.
Bone marrow produces your blood cells (red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets). This test helps doctors diagnose or monitor blood disorders, cancers like leukemia or lymphoma, and other conditions that affect your bone marrow.
What happens during a bone marrow biopsy?
- Patient is instructed on preparations
- A sample is taken using a needle from the bone marrow
What are the risks associated with a bone marrow biopsy?
- Bleeding
- Infection
- Pain at the site
