Flashcards in 8.29 Systems Review 3 Deck (28)
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1
changes in mentation
- onset of confusion, disorientation, or worsening of these symptoms
- can be a manifestation of multiple disorders
2
Most important things to consider with changes in mentation?
- memory loss
- impulsivity (different, out of character, mood swings?)
- chronic HA or head injuries?
3
Other questions to ask with changes in mentation
- attention loss?
- more confused than normal?
- Any activities harder than they should be?
4
If patient has a head injury or stroke and these symptoms haven't worsened since they have last seen the physician, then this becomes a
yellow flag
5
Follow up questions if symptoms of mentation change have worsened
- When did you notice changes?
- Has it gradually gotten worse?
- Are you taking medications?
- Any changes in medications?
6
FUPs for a report of nausea
- describe the nausea (constant, intermittent, frequency)
- How long?
- Any new/unusual symptoms?
- Do you know why you're nauseated?
- Is your doctor aware?
- Is there vomiting?
- Any vomiting without nausea
- How are you treating?
7
If the doctor is aware of the nausea, what should you also ask?
Has it gotten worse since you saw them?
8
Red flags: nausea/vomiting
- may be related to medication use
- Rx meds
9
red flags: OTC drugs and nausea/vomiting
may mix with Rx drugs
10
Red flags: medications and nausea/vomiting
- Ask why they are taking the meds, how long, and if their doc knows
- supplements
11
problem with supplements
not regulated by FDA
12
Questions to ask about Rx meds
- do you need more of them to feel comfortable compared to a few weeks/months ago?
- may reveal a serious condition that is worsening
13
s/s of heart and vascular problems
- dyspnea
- blue, cold
- nail clubbing
- palpitations
14
palpitations
less than 30 seconds of heart pounding
15
v-tac
heart pounding more than a minute
16
pulmonary red flags
- SOB
- positional dyspnea
- wheezing
- coughing
- stridor
17
positional dyspnea is also known as
3 pillow orthopnea
18
orthopnea
having trouble breathing when lying down flat
19
orthopnea often occurs when there is
fluid in the lungs
20
3+ pillow orthopnea
- terminology used with smokers or COPD
- 2+ pillows is usu indicative of a lung problem
21
wheezing
airway is plugged
22
stridor involves both
- larynx
- trachea
23
Janeway lesions and Osler nodes are pathognomonic to
bacterial endocarditis
24
Janeway lesions look like
subcutaneous hemorrhages
25
Janeway lesions are caused by
capillary breakdown
26
Pts with Janeway lesions are generally on these meds
blood thinners
27
What do Osler nodes look like?
- blanched center
- looks like a bug bite
28
