Flashcards in Infectious Disease 5 Deck (29)
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1
Specific types of bacterial diseases
- Clostridium dificile
- Staphylococcal infections
- Group A streptococci
- Group B streptococci
- Gas gangrene (Clostridial myonecrosis)
- Pseudomonas aeroginosa
2
prevalence of clostridium dificile
~200/100,000 people
3
Why is clostridium dificile more prevalent in hospitals?
high rate of antibiotic use in hospitals
4
transmission of c-diff
- fecal-oral
- contaminated environment
5
c-diff and alcohol based hand sanitizers
not effective
6
What increases the risk of a c-diff infection?
- age
- GERD tx
7
GERD tx
- H2 receptor blocker
- proton pump inhibitors
8
How does a c-diff infection happen in the body?
overgrowth of c-diff bacteria when other intestinal flora are destroyed
9
tx for c-diff
- fecal transplants
- Flagyl
10
Flagyl is effective against these types of bacteria
anaerobic
11
Examples of staphylococcal infections
- S. aureus
- S. epidermis
12
Staphylococcal infections are spread via
- direct contact
- multiple predisposing factors
13
results of a staphylococcal infection
- infection
- suppuration
- abscess
- infective syndromes
14
tx for MRSA, VISA
vancomycin
15
tx for VRSA
- daptomycin
- linezolid
16
Examples of group A streptococci
- GAS
- S. pyogenes
17
group A streptococci spread by
- droplets
- direct contact
18
Group A streptococci include multiple diseases such as:
necrotizing fasciitis
19
Example of a group B streptococci
S. agalactiae
20
leading causes of group B streptococci infections
- pneumonia
- meningitis
- sepsis
21
Group B streptococci and women
- part of normal vaginal flora
- found in 30% of women
22
tx of gas gangrene (aka clostridial myonecrosis)
- debridement and excision of necrotic tissue
- IV antibiotics
- possible HBO therapy
23
Major opportunistic pathogen and one of the most common nosocomial infections
pseudomonas aeruginosa
24
How is pseudomonas spread?
- contact
- not common in community-acquired infections
25
Where are pseudomonas aeruginosa pathogens found?
- moist areas (sinks)
- healthcare workers' hands
- fingernails
26
Pseudomonas: common conditions where it's found
- pneumonia
- wounds
- UTI
- sepsis
- chronic lung disease
27
local pseudomonas infection mgmt
fairly easy to manage
28
Septicemia mgmt
high mortality rate
29
