Viruses/Fungi 6 Flashcards
(22 cards)
lyme disease comes from this
tick-borne spirochete bacteria
How many stages of lyme disease?
4
Lyme disease: stage 1
flu-like symptoms
Lyme disease: stage 2
disseminated infection that may include:
- aseptic meningitis
- stiff neck
- mentation problems
- cranial neuropathies
- radiculopathies
Lyme disease: stage 3
late persistent infections
What happens if lyme disease is untreated?
6% of those infected can have erosions or permanent joint abnormalities
Lyme disease: stage 4
post-infection syndromes that resemble fibromyalgia or chronic fatigue syndrome
What is CD4+?
T-helper lymphocytes
This type of HIV is less likely to progress to AIDS
HIV-2
What is HIV regarded as (disorder type)
degenerative neuromuscular
When CD4+ gets below ____, body can’t combat what it needs to and you get full blown AIDS
100
HIV drugs: what do they target?
- viral replication
- different points of HIV proliferation
*often inhibit enzymes
Types of HIV drugs
- nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)
- nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs)
- HIV protease inhibitors
- HIV entry inhibitors
- integrase inhibitors
example of an NRTI
Zidovudine (retrovir)
What does retrovir do?
inhibitors reverse transcriptase enzyme that synthesizes DNA from RNA
What do NNRTIs do?
inhibit the active site of an enzyme
Which drugs are HIV protease inhibitors?
-avir drugs
What are integrase inhibitors?
prevent HIV from integrating genetic code into host DNA
primary drug strategy for HIV
HAART
HAART =
high active antiretroviral therapy
combined approach of multiple drugs
What is the problem with HAART?
- no drug can kill HIV
- can’t reduce viral load in 20% of patients
- long term compliance
- viral resistance
What must happen with HAART to maintain a functional immune system?
promotion of t-lymphocyte survival
