Flashcards in Study Guide 7 Deck (26)
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1
Protein implicated in PD
N/A
2
Region of the brain most affected in PD
BG in cerebrum and midbrain
3
Which cell types are targeted first in PD?
Dopaminergic
4
Structural changes in brain with PD
None, minus cell death in BG
5
Cell death in the BG with PD - specific areas affected
- substantia nigra compacta
- PPN
6
Levodopa side effects
- N/V
- arrhythmias
- OH
- dyskinesia
- behavioral changes
7
What is it called when PD medication wears off before the next dose?
End of dose akinesia
8
What helps with end of dose akinesia?
Twice a day scheduling
9
What is the phenomenon with PD where meds fluctuate in effectiveness and you get freezing?
On/off phenomenon
10
What can be done to combat loss of effectiveness of PD drugs?
Take a drug holiday
11
Proteins implicated in AD
- amyloid plaques (accumulate extracellularly)
- tau (accumulate intracellularly)
12
Area of the brain targeted first in AD
Hippocampus
13
What results from AD targeting the hippocampus first? (S/s)
- memory loss
- cognition loss
- executive function loss
14
What neuronal cell types are targeted first with AD?
Cholinergic
15
What structural changes occur in the brain with AD?
Widespread inflammation and death of cholinergic cells in the limbic system
16
Medication to treat AD inhibit this
ACH breakdown
17
General categories of treatment for AD
- behavioral management
- medication
- hormone replacement
- ginkgo biloba
18
Caution with ginkgo
Use cautiously in pts at risk for bleeding or on blood thinners
19
Pick's dz is a type of
Frontotemporal dementia
20
Potential cause of Pick's dz
Misfolded proteins (ubiquitin system)
21
What structural changes can occur in the brain with frontotemporal dementia?
Accumulation of misfolded proteins
22
What areas of the brain are targeted first with Lewy body dementia?
- BG
- brainstem
23
Which neuronal cell types are targeted first with Lewy body dementia?
Dopaminergic
24
What structural changes can occur in the brain with Lewy body dementia?
Marked inflammation and neuronal death in the BG and brainstem
25
General tx for Lewy body dementia
None discussed in class
26
