Abdominal Day 2

Question 1

what is obstipation?

Answer 1

complete lack of BM seen in bowel obstruction

Question 2

what is steatorrhea?

Answer 2

fatty stools seen in malabsorption

Question 3

what is tenesmus?

Answer 3

intense urge with straining but with little result seen in conditions involving the anal sphincter

Question 4

what is an acholic stool?

Answer 4

gray or light colored stool that lacks bile because of some kind of obstruction

Question 5

what might present with belly pain and LOW grade fever?

Answer 5

appendicitis
diverticulitis
cholecystitis
(slow developing)

Question 6

what might present with belly pain and HIGH grade fever?

Answer 6

cholangitis
UTI
PID
perforation with peritonitis

Question 7

what do you observe on the abdomen (1)?

Answer 7

contour
symmetry
visible masses /hernias

scars
striae
rashes/ lesions

Question 8

what do you observe on the abdomen (2)?

Answer 8

dilated veins (IVC obst or cirrhosis)
discoloration
peristalsis

Question 9

what is diastasis recti?

Answer 9

where midline muscle pops up when pt moves (common in babies)

Question 10

what color are striae in Cushings?

Answer 10

blue/purple

Question 11

what is capat medusae?

Answer 11

distended vasculature in the belly

Question 12

what is cullen’s sign?

Answer 12

discoloration around the umbalicus

-indicates bleeding within the abdominal cavity (pancreatitis)

Question 13

what is the Grey-Turner’s sign?

Answer 13

discoloration around the flank region (bruising)

-indicates intraabdominal bleeding

Question 14

what side do you use for belly sounds?

Answer 14

diaphragm

Question 15

what do you assess for on auscultation?

Answer 15

bowel sounds and bruits

Question 16

what would indicate absent/hypoactive bowel sounds?

Answer 16

no sounds after a minute or two

Question 17

what is borborigymi?

Answer 17

high pitched tinkle bowel sound

-may mean hyperactive bowel or potential obstruction

Question 18

what sound predominates in the belly?

Answer 18

tympany

Question 19

what type of aorta may be palpated?

Answer 19

distended

-greater than 5.5 cm indicates need for surgery

Question 20

what would light palpations identify?

Answer 20

abdominal tenderness
muscular resistance
superficial organs

Question 21

what would deep palpations identify?

Answer 21

identify masses
peritoneal signs
-localization
-cough
-rebound (est peritoneal inflammation)

Question 22

what is the normal size of the liver?

Answer 22

6-12 cm

Question 23

where do you percuss to find size of liver?

Answer 23

midclavicular line

Question 24

what is CVA on abdominal exam?

Answer 24

costovertebral angle tenderness for kidney tenderness

Question 25

what is Rovsing's sign?

Answer 25

referred pain to RLQ when LLQ is palpated

Question 26

what is referred rebound sign?

Answer 26

RLQ pain when LLQ pain palpation is released with rebound

Question 27

what is psoas sign?

Answer 27

pain when pt tries to lift leg against resistance

Question 28

what is obturator sign?

Answer 28

abdominal pain when hip is flexed and internally rotated

Question 29

what is tenderness at McBurney's point?

Answer 29

diagonal area from umbilicus to RLQ where appendix pain would present

Question 30

what is Murphy's sign?

Answer 30

deeply palpate costal margin at rectus muscle and have pt take a deep breath. positive sign would have increased tenderness or respiration halts

Question 31

what would cause visible peristalsis?

Answer 31

intestinal obstruction

Question 32

what abdominal bruits would be considered normal?

Answer 32

if they are heard only during systole