Flashcards in Reproductive Deck (42):
1
what kicks off puberty?
hypothalamus secretesGnRH which causes anterior pituitary to release FSH and LH
2
what is the normal position of the uterus called?
antevertid
3
what does the round ligament do?
holds uterus forward
4
which ligament drapes the uterus?
broad ligament
5
which ligament attaches ovaries to the uterus?
ovarian ligament
6
which part of the broad ligament connects to the fallopian tubes?
mesosalpinx
7
which ligament attaches ovaries to the lateral wall?
suspensory ligament
-major passageway for blood vessels
8
what is the capsule of the ovary called?
tunica albuginea (dense CT)
9
what part of the ovary contains CT, blood vessels, nerves and lymphatics?
medulla
10
what type of cells are the germinal epithelium?
simple cuboidal
11
what is the initial cell?
oogonia (diploid)
12
what is oogenesis?
formation of gametes in the ovary (begins before birth in females)
13
how many layers of follicular cells surround primordial oocytes?
one layer
14
what is the zona pellucida?
surrounding capsule of oocyte that contains glycoproteins
15
where would you find theca folliculi?
late stage of primary follicle
16
when does the antrum begin to develop?
secondary follicle
17
what does the theca externa do?
secretes estrogen
18
when does the completion of meiosis take place during follicule maturation?
secondary follicle
19
what is the main hormone that the corpus luteum secretes?
progesterone (to maintain pregnancy)
20
where does fertilization occur?
outer third of fallopian tube (ampulla)
21
what does the fimbriae do?
sweeps oocyte into fallopian tube
22
what is the infundibulum of the fallopian tube?
first part after the fimbriae (ciliated cells)
23
what is the interstitial segment?
thin area between fallopian tube and uterus
24
what is the vesicouterine pouch?
pouch between bladder and uterus
25
what is the rectouterine pouch?
pouch between rectum and uterus (pouch of douglas)
26
what is the role of progesterone?
proliferation of vasculature
27
what is the stratum functionalis?
is what is sloughs off during menstruation
28
what does the mucous do around the time of ovulation?
becomes less viscous and more alkaline
29
at what phase of meiosis do primary oocytes stop prior to puberty?
prophase I
30
what layers does the theca folliculi form in the secondary follicle?
theca interna (secretes estrogen)
theca externa (stromal cells/collagen)
31
what happens to the oocyte when it forms a graafian follicle?
completes meiosis I (1 haploid cells + 1 polar bodies)
32
what stage of meiosis II does the oocyte stop at prior to fertilization?
metaphase II
33
what is the corona radiata?
granulosa cells that become firmly attached to the oocyte
34
in addition to progesterone, what hormones does the corpus luteum secrete?
relaxin
inhibin
35
what is the role of the cardinal ligament?
holds cervix in place (from pelvic wall to cervix and vagina)
36
which artery supplies the uterus?
branch of internal illiac artery
37
what is the progression of arteries that penetrate into the uterine tissue?
arcuate
radial
straight arterioles (supply basalis)
spiral arterioles (supply functionalis)
38
how does cervical mucous change during ovulation?
becomes more alkaline
39
what is the most abundant form of estrogen in non-pregnant women?
beta-estradiol
40
what action stimulates stratum functionalis to slough?
prostaglandins cause uterine spiral arterioles to constrict which cuts off nutrients
41
what hormones do follicles release?
estrogens
inhibin
progesterone
relaxin
42