Flashcards in TB Deck (26):
1
what is the MCC of young person pneumonia that lives in close quarters?
mycoplasma
2
what does a fatty embolus cause in the lungs?
diffuse pulmonary infiltrates
3
what can prevent pneumonia post op?
incentive spirometry
4
what is MCC of pneumonia in HIV pts?
PCP
5
which obstructive lung dz has predominantly neutrophil driven inflammation?
COPD
6
80% of chronic cough is caused by what three etiologies
GERD
7
what is the MCC of CAP?
strep pneumo
8
what two blood tests are helpful in treating asthma?
RAST panal
IgE
9
where are tb bugs kept in remission?
alveolar macrophages
10
when will TB become an active infection?
bug escapes from alveolar macrophage
11
when does TB dissemination occur?
before an active immune response
12
where are common areas that TB can affect?
brain, larynx, lymph node, lung, spine, bone, kidney
13
what helps evaluate likelihood of infection of TB?
infectiousness of person with TB
environmental factors that increase infectivity
proximity, frequency, duration of exposure
14
how long after infection will LTBI be detected on TST or interferon gamma assay (IGRA)?
2-8 weeks
15
do ppl with LTBI spread infection?
no
16
in how many ppl with LTBI become active TB?
10%
(half occur within 2 years of initial infection)
17
what confirms TB infection?
positive TB culture (most often obtained by bronchoscopy)
18
what percentage of HIV ppl will get active TB after being exposed to it?
50%
19
who else is at risk for getting TB?
silicosis (interstitial lung dz)
DM
steroid use
gastrectomy
children <5yrs
20
what are clinical features of TB
fever, chills, nightsweats, anorexia, wt loss, fatigue, chronic productive cough, CP, +/- hemoptysis, blood-streaking MC (frank blood is rare)
21
what are extrapulmonary features of TB if it has gone to other organ systems?
blood in urine
h/a, confusion
back pain
hoarseness
22
what is PE of TB lungs?
post tussive apical rales, but often is normal
23
in which pt would a 5mm PPD be a positive?
HIV
recent TB contacts
Fibrotic changes on CXR (indicating prior TB)
PING
24
in which pt would a 10 mm PPD be a positive?
recent immigration
injection drug user
medical workers/mycobateria lab workers
children <5yo
25
in which pt would a 15 mm PPD be a positive?
no known TB risk (general population)
26