what’s the difference between effusion and edema?
edema is swelling of the soft tissue
effusion is fluid inside the joint space
what should be concerned about with LCL injury?
peroneal nerve injury
what is the J sign?
as knee extends, patella glides proximal and lateral
what is a ballotable patella?
looks like its floating because of effusion
how do you perform a knee apprehension test?
displace patella laterally with leg extended to assess stability of patella
what is nobles compression test?
pt supine, place one hand over lateral knee with thumb over lateral femoral condyle
slowly extend
positive test is with pain
which test assess IT band tightness?
Nobles compression test
Ober’s test
what angle should the knee be at to perform valgus or varus stress test?
25 degrees
what is the standard special test to assess for ACL tear?
Lachman
what is the Wilson test?
pt supine with knee flexed to 90 deg
internally rotate tibia and slowly extend
if pain is present then it is positive
what position is pt in to get the thumb sign?
supine, knee flexed to 90 degrees
PCL weakness will cause tibia to fall back
what is the pivot shift test?
pt supine, one hand around medial ankle and other at lateral upper tibia close to knee
valgus force and internal rotation while flexing knee
observe for relocation of the femur over tibia
tests for ACL tears
which meniscus is C shaped?
medial
which meniscus is O shaped?
lateral
which meniscus bears the majority of the pressure at the knee?
lateral (more surface area)
what is the most common site of osteochondritis dissecans of the knee?
lateral aspect of the medial femoraly condyle
