what makes up the knee joint?
tibiofemoral joint
patellofemoral joint
which condyle is longer?
medial condyle
which condyle of the tibia is larger?
medial
what are the horns?
open ends of menisci
what ligament attaches the anterior portions of each horn?
transverese
what do the coronary ligaments do?
attaches menisci to tibial plateau
which meniscus has more mobility therefore is less injured?
lateral meniscus
which muscle does the lateral meniscus attach to?
popliteus muscle and PCL
which muscle does the medial meniscus attach to?
semimembranosus and MCL
when do menisci reach adult status?
age 10 yo
what is the tibiofemoral angle?
valgus
how does genu valgus influence the knee?
inc lateral condyle compression
inc tension on medial condyle
how does genu varus influence the knee?
inc medial condyle compression
inc tension on lateral condyle
what is the role of menisci?
absorb 60% of compression forces
add congruency
which two ligaments help reinforce the CT capsule?
oblique popliteal L
arcuate popliteal L
what is the O/I of ACL?
anterior aspect of tibia to lateral femoral condyle
what is the O/I of PCL?
posterior tibia to medial femoral condyle
what are the main bursa of the knee?
suprapatellar subpopliteal gastrocnemius prepatellar infrapatellar ancerine
when is the bursa under the least amount of stress?
semiflexed position (makes it preferred position when bursa are inflamed)
what is genu recurvatum?
hyperextension at the knee
which muscle participates in unlocking of the knee?
popliteus
what are the functions of sartorius?
knee flexion
external rotation
what are the functions of gracilis?
hip adduction
knee flexor
what are the functions of gastrocnemius?
plantar flexion
knee flexion
prevents knee hyperextension
what are the O/I of hamstrings?
O: ischial tuberosity
I: biceps femoris-lateral condyle of tibia
semitendinous and membranosus-medial condyle of tibia
what are functions of hamstrings?
knee flexion
hip extension
what are the O/I of gastroc?
O; post medial and lateral condyles of femur
I: calcaneus
what is the pes anserinus?
common tendon of sartorius, gracilis, semitendinosus
“goose’s neck”
what is the O/I of popliteus?
O: post. lateral condyle of femur
I: posterior tibia
fan shaped
what is the role of popliteus?
stabilize and unlock the knee
what are the knee extensors?
rectus femoris
v. lateralis
v. medialis
v. intermedius
what is the Q angle?
line from tibial tuberosity to middle of patella
line from middle of patella to ASIS
should be 15 degrees
which quad fibers run more obliquely?
VMO (lower fibers)
which is an important muscle in stabalizing the patella?
VMO
