Flashcards in Vital signs Deck (40):
1
small, weak pulses indicate
hypovolemia
aortic stenosis
cold
CHF
2
large, bounding pulses indicate
fever
anemia
hyperthyroidism
PDA
heart block
atherosclerosis (hardened vessels)
3
pulsus alternans
varies in amplitude from beat to beat
indicates LV failure
associated with S3 (added sound)
4
bigeminal pulse
normal-premature-normal-premature
5
paradoxical pulse
decreases with inspiration
indicates pericardial tamponade (fluid in the pericardium)
obstructive lung disease
constrictive pericarditis (tissue around the heart turns heart)
6
carotid pulse
neck (considered a central pulse)
7
radial pulse
proximal to thumb ventral wrist
8
brachial pulse
antecubital fossa, medial to biceps tendon
9
femoral pulse
in groin, just medial to quadriceps
10
popliteal pulse
middle of popliteal fossa, knee flexed 30 degrees
11
posterior tibial pulse
posterior to medial malleolus in ankle (diminished in peripheral vascualr disease)
12
dorsalis pedis pulse
dorsal foot, lateral extensor hallucis longus (diminished in peripheral vascular disease)
13
normal adult pulse
60-100
14
normal newborn pulse
120-170
15
normal 1 yr old pulse
80-160
16
normal 3 yr old pulse
80-120
17
normal 6 yr old pulse
75-115
18
normal 10 yr old pulse
70-110
19
normal adult RR
12-20
20
normal newborn RR
30-80
21
normal 1 yr old RR
20-40
22
normal 3 yr old RR
20-30
23
normal 6 yr old RR
16-22
24
bradypnea
rate under 12, coma, medications, deep sleep
25
tachypnea
rate over 20, anxiety, heart or lung disease, pain, fever
26
hyperpnea
rate over 20 and deep, exercise, anxiety, metabolic acidosis
27
sighing
normal if occasional, anxiety if frequent
28
cheyne-stokes (agnol breathing)
rapid, staggering breaths, drugs, CNS damage
29
Kussmaul
rapid, deep, labored, usually seen in diabetic ketoacidosis (hard experitory effort)
30
stridor
harsh, high-pitched inspiration !!!airway obstruction
31
normal day time temperature
37 C (98.6 F)
32
normal early AM temp
35.8 C (96.4 F)
33
normal late PM temp
37.3 C (99.1 F)
34
pyrexia
fever
greater than 38 C (100.5 F)
35
causes of pyrexia
excessive heat exposure and heat stroke
elevation of the hypothalamic thermoregulatory set point
36
hyperpyrexia
extreme elevation in temperature ( >41.1 C or 106 F)
37
hypothermia
extreme low temp (<35 C or 95F) rectally
38
normal capillary refill
< 3 seconds
39
abnormal capillary refill indicates
peripheral vascular disease
arterial blockage
heart failure
hypoperfusion
shock
40