Vital signs Flashcards

1
Q

small, weak pulses indicate

A

hypovolemia
aortic stenosis
cold
CHF

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2
Q

large, bounding pulses indicate

A
fever
anemia
hyperthyroidism
PDA
heart block
atherosclerosis (hardened vessels)
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3
Q

pulsus alternans

A

varies in amplitude from beat to beat
indicates LV failure
associated with S3 (added sound)

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4
Q

bigeminal pulse

A

normal-premature-normal-premature

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5
Q

paradoxical pulse

A

decreases with inspiration
indicates pericardial tamponade (fluid in the pericardium)
obstructive lung disease
constrictive pericarditis (tissue around the heart turns heart)

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6
Q

carotid pulse

A

neck (considered a central pulse)

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7
Q

radial pulse

A

proximal to thumb ventral wrist

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8
Q

brachial pulse

A

antecubital fossa, medial to biceps tendon

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9
Q

femoral pulse

A

in groin, just medial to quadriceps

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10
Q

popliteal pulse

A

middle of popliteal fossa, knee flexed 30 degrees

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11
Q

posterior tibial pulse

A

posterior to medial malleolus in ankle (diminished in peripheral vascualr disease)

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12
Q

dorsalis pedis pulse

A

dorsal foot, lateral extensor hallucis longus (diminished in peripheral vascular disease)

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13
Q

normal adult pulse

A

60-100

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14
Q

normal newborn pulse

A

120-170

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15
Q

normal 1 yr old pulse

A

80-160

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16
Q

normal 3 yr old pulse

A

80-120

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17
Q

normal 6 yr old pulse

A

75-115

18
Q

normal 10 yr old pulse

A

70-110

19
Q

normal adult RR

A

12-20

20
Q

normal newborn RR

A

30-80

21
Q

normal 1 yr old RR

A

20-40

22
Q

normal 3 yr old RR

A

20-30

23
Q

normal 6 yr old RR

A

16-22

24
Q

bradypnea

A

rate under 12, coma, medications, deep sleep

25
Q

tachypnea

A

rate over 20, anxiety, heart or lung disease, pain, fever

26
Q

hyperpnea

A

rate over 20 and deep, exercise, anxiety, metabolic acidosis

27
Q

sighing

A

normal if occasional, anxiety if frequent

28
Q

cheyne-stokes (agnol breathing)

A

rapid, staggering breaths, drugs, CNS damage

29
Q

Kussmaul

A

rapid, deep, labored, usually seen in diabetic ketoacidosis (hard experitory effort)

30
Q

stridor

A

harsh, high-pitched inspiration !!!airway obstruction

31
Q

normal day time temperature

A

37 C (98.6 F)

32
Q

normal early AM temp

A

35.8 C (96.4 F)

33
Q

normal late PM temp

A

37.3 C (99.1 F)

34
Q

pyrexia

A

fever

greater than 38 C (100.5 F)

35
Q

causes of pyrexia

A

excessive heat exposure and heat stroke

elevation of the hypothalamic thermoregulatory set point

36
Q

hyperpyrexia

A

extreme elevation in temperature ( >41.1 C or 106 F)

37
Q

hypothermia

A

extreme low temp (<35 C or 95F) rectally

38
Q

normal capillary refill

A

< 3 seconds

39
Q

abnormal capillary refill indicates

A
peripheral vascular disease
arterial blockage
heart failure
hypoperfusion
shock
40
Q

normal pulse ox

A

> 96%