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Medicine > Autoimmune Markers > Flashcards

Autoimmune Markers Flashcards

1
Q

ANA

A

anti-nuclear antibody

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2
Q

RF

A

rheumatoid factor

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3
Q

CRP

A

C-reactive protein

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4
Q

ESR

A

erythrocyte sedementary rate

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5
Q

CTD

A

connective tissue disorder

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6
Q

why would you order an ANA?

A
  • to exclude disorders in pts with uncertain clinical findings
  • establish diagnosis in pt suspected of having autoimmune or CTD
  • subclassify pt with established diagnosis of autoimmune or CTD (not always)
  • monitor disease activity
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7
Q

ANA titer results

A

1:40 is negative results (some say 1:80)

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8
Q

what is the mechanism of the ANA?

A

a group of protein antibodies that react against cellular nuclear material

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9
Q

which disorder is ANA primarily used to diagnose?

A

SLE and other CTD

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10
Q

ANA homogenous pattern

A

shown in SLE, MCTD

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11
Q

ANA speckled patter

A 
shown in SLE, 
scheloderma
RA
MCTD
Sjorgen
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12
Q

ANA nucleolar pattern

A

shown in scleroderma

polymyositis

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13
Q

ANA outline pattern

A

shown in SLE

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14
Q

negative RF value

A

<60 u/mL

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15
Q

when would you order RF?

A

pt suspected of having RA
positive in 70-80% of people with established RA
sensitivity is low early on in the disease (only 50%)

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16
Q

C-reactive protein

A

non-specific indicator of inlammation

acute-phase reactant protein

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17
Q

when is the CRP elevated?

A

inflammation

tissue necrosis

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18
Q

why is CRP a good test to order?

A
  • more sensitive and faster response than ESR
  • may want to identify acute v chronic
  • monitor disease process (how are they responding to treatment?)
19
Q

ESR

A

measures acute and chronic infection, inflammation, neoplasm, tissue necrosis
-measures the rate at which RBCs settle in saline solution

20
Q

why would you use a ESR?

A

can be used to monitor disease therapy

slower test

21
Q

ACA

A

anticardiolipin antibody

-used to identify SLE (40% of SLE pts have it)

22
Q

What are the clinical features of SLE?

A
  • venous and arterial thrombosis
  • neuropsychiatric disorder
  • recurrent spontaneous abortion
  • CVA
  • thrombocytopenia
23
Q

the ACA positively identifies SLE in how many percent of people?

A

40%

24
Q

the presence of ACA indicates a SLE patient may be at greater risk for developing

A

antiphospholipid syndrome

25
Q

anticentromere antibody

A

a form of ANA

  • used to diagnose CREST sydrome
  • differntiates schleroderm and CREST
26
Q

when is anticentromere antibody test used?

A

pt suspected of having CREST syndrome (variant of schleroderma)
**not a marker of disease prognosis

27
Q

antichromatin antibody (anti-NCS)

A

100% sensitive

97% specific for SLE

28
Q

anticyclic-citrullinated peptide antibody (CCP IgC, anti-CCP)

A

used to diagnose RA (especially if RF is negative)
highly specific to RA (especially early on)
***marker for disease progression

29
Q

anti-DNA antibody (anti ds DNA)

A

subtype of ANA

30
Q

why order anti-DNA antibody?

A

65-80% sensitive with active SLE

31
Q

anti-extractable nuclear antigen (anti-ENA)

A

also contains
anti-Jo-1
anti-RNP
anti-Smith

32
Q

anti-Smith tells you what?

A

present in 30% of pts with SLE, but not present with other RA disorders

33
Q

anti-RNP tells you what?

A

100% of pt with MCTD have it

34
Q

anti-Jo-1 tells you what?

A

autoimmune interstitial pulmonary fibrosis

specific

35
Q

antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA)

A

94% with biliary cirrhosis

liver biopsy is then performed (has to have tissue confirmation)

36
Q

antineutrophil cytoplasmis antibody (ANCA)

A

usually elevated with UC, Wegener’s glanulomatosis (WG), PSC (primary sclerosing colangitis)

37
Q

why use ANCA?

A

follow therapy in UC

38
Q

what are the two patterns of staining with the ANCA?

A

P-ANCA perinuclear (MPO-ANCA)

C-ANCA cytoplasmic (PR3-ANCA)

39
Q

antiscleroderma antibody (Scl-70 antibody)

A 
diagnoses scleroderma (PSS) (45% pt test positive)
fairly specific for PSS, but also seen in SLE, Sjorgen, RA
40
Q

antismooth muscle antibody (ASMA)

A

used to diagnose autoimmune chronic active hepatitis

41
Q

when would you order ASMA?

A

70-80% of pts with CAH (chronic active hepatitis)

42
Q

positive titer for ASMA is

A

> 1:160

43
Q

Sjogren antibodies

A

ANA with subtypes
A (RO)
B (La)
C

Medicine (146 decks)

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