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Medicine > Spinal Cord > Flashcards

Spinal Cord Flashcards

1
Q

ganglion

A

collection of nerve cell bodies in the PNS

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2
Q

dorsal root ganglion contains which kind of nerves?

A

sensory

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3
Q

ventral root ganglia contain which kind of nerve?

A

motor

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4
Q

spinal nerve

A

when dorsal and ventral root ganglia fuse

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5
Q

what is contained in the subarachnoid space?

A

CSF and fat and blood vessels

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6
Q

denticulate ligament

A

extension of the pia mater,

part of the anchoring mechanism to keep the spinal cord in place

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7
Q

supracristal line

A

highest point of the iliac crest

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8
Q

conus medullaris

A

terminal end of spinal cord (At L1-L2)

part of CNS

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9
Q

filum terminale

A

extension of pia mater from conus medullaris to cocccyx
fuses with arachnoid mater at coccyx
(not nervous tissue-only CT)

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10
Q

cauda equina

A

horse tail-like nervous tissue below L1

Part of PNS

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11
Q

why is the spinal cord thicker at the cervical and lumbar areas?

A

they have nerve endings for upper and lower extremities

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12
Q

gracile fasciculus

A

named part of dorsal columns

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13
Q

cuneate fasciculus

A

named part of dorsal columns

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14
Q

what kind of sensation travels in the dorsal columns?

A

finer vibration, procreation, discriminative touch

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15
Q

somatic motor neuron cell bodies make up what?

A

grey matter

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16
Q

what is inside the central canal?

A

CSF

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17
Q

alpha motor neuron

A

somatic motor neuron

-big fat and highly myelinated

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18
Q

thalamus

A

major sensory center for the brain

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19
Q

what is the hallmark of spinothalamic tract?

A

crosses as soon as it enters the spinal cord

20
Q

what are the target organs for the autonomic nervous system?

A

smooth muscle
cardiac muscle
glands

21
Q

proprioception

A

knowing where you are in space

22
Q

what will sensory neurons do when they enter spinal cord?

A
  1. synapse on interneurons
  2. go directly into white matter and travel up or down several segments
  3. cross over spinal cord
23
Q

describe the cervical spinal cord

A

has tons of white matter and a large diameter

24
Q

describe the thoracic spinal cord

A

small diameter
small anterior and posterior horns
sympathetic cell bodies are present

25
Q

describe the lumbar spinal cord

A

nearly circular
large anterior and posterior horns
less white matter compared to cervical

26
Q

describe the sacral spinal cord

A

small diameter, but large amt of gray matter

small amt of white matter

27
Q

what cranial nerves are the nuclei for parasympathetic

A

vagus X
glossopharygeal IX
facial VII
oculomotor III

28
Q

what is an inborn reflex?

A

have since birth

29
Q

what is an acquired reflex?

A

learned reflex (motor learning)

30
Q

what are the free nerve pain receptors?

A

nociceptors

31
Q

how many nerves are involved in the withdrawal reflex?

A

3

32
Q

what is the crossed extensor reflex?

A

when nociceptor senses pain on one side that causes withdrawal, motor neurons tell the other side to compensate

33
Q

stretch reflex

A

mono synaptic
proprioreceptors in skeletal muscle that monitors change in length of muscle
prevent overstretching and damage of the muscles

34
Q

what is the muscle fiber Ia?

A

muscle spindles

35
Q

what is the muscle fiber Ib?

A

tendon organs

36
Q

what is the muscle fiber II, Ab?

A

muscle spindles, mechanoreceptors

37
Q

what is the muscle fiber Ag?

A

thermoreceptors, mechanoreceptors and nociceptors

38
Q

what is the muscle fiber C?

A

thermoreceptors, mechanoreceptors, nociceptors

39
Q

gamma motor neurons do what?

A

maintain the tension and contractile state of the muscle

-cell bodies in ventral gray matter

40
Q

clonus

A

isolated movement of the reflexed area

41
Q

reciprocal inhibition

A

when reflex is activated, an inhibitory response goes to the antagonistic muscle group to prevent contraction

42
Q

hypotonic

A

floppy, low tone

43
Q

hypertonic

A

parkinsons (rigidity)

spasticity

44
Q

what are dermatomes?

A

provides sensory input to CNS

45
Q

what are myotomes?

A

levels of spinal cord that contribute to innervation of skeletal muscle

Medicine (146 decks)

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