how many autosomes do we have?
22 sets
how many sex chromosomes do we have?
1 set
how amino acids does the body contain?
20
what is the enzyme responsible for replicating DNA?
DNA polymerase
when do boys sperm reach meiosis II production?
puberty
when do girls eggs reach meiosis II production?
all eggs are formed in infancy but finish m II after puberty
- all eggs will be impacted with teratogen exposure
- eggs age more
what are exons?
places where the information is held
what are introns?
places where information doesn’t code for any proteins
what is a germinal mutation?
genetic change occurring during formation of an egg or a sperm
what is a somatic mutation?
when the change occurs after conception
what is nondisjunction?
failure of chromosomes pairs to separate
-can happen in meisosi 1 or 2
what is an aneuploid cell?
a cell that does not contain the usual multiple of 23 chromosomes (may be more or less)
what is a translocation?
relocation of chromosome arm to another place
what is an unbalanced abnormality?
there is a gain or loss of genetic material
what is a balanced abnormality?
there is no change in amount of genetic material but a dislocation of material
what is the prognosis of a fetus with monosomy?
lethal, not compatible with life
what are the most frequent locations of trisomy?
13,18,21
-16 often aborted fetus
which are the pyrimidines?
cytosine
thymine
which are the purines?
adenine
guanine
