Flashcards in Genetics Review Deck (19):
1
how many autosomes do we have?
22 sets
2
how many sex chromosomes do we have?
1 set
3
how amino acids does the body contain?
20
4
what is the enzyme responsible for replicating DNA?
DNA polymerase
5
when do boys sperm reach meiosis II production?
puberty
6
when do girls eggs reach meiosis II production?
all eggs are formed in infancy but finish m II after puberty
-all eggs will be impacted with teratogen exposure
-eggs age more
7
what are exons?
places where the information is held
8
what are introns?
places where information doesn't code for any proteins
9
what is a germinal mutation?
genetic change occurring during formation of an egg or a sperm
10
what is a somatic mutation?
when the change occurs after conception
11
what is nondisjunction?
failure of chromosomes pairs to separate
-can happen in meisosi 1 or 2
12
what is an aneuploid cell?
a cell that does not contain the usual multiple of 23 chromosomes (may be more or less)
13
what is a translocation?
relocation of chromosome arm to another place
14
what is an unbalanced abnormality?
there is a gain or loss of genetic material
15
what is a balanced abnormality?
there is no change in amount of genetic material but a dislocation of material
16
what is the prognosis of a fetus with monosomy?
lethal, not compatible with life
17
what are the most frequent locations of trisomy?
13,18,21
-16 often aborted fetus
18
which are the pyrimidines?
cytosine
thymine
19