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Flashcards in CT lecture Deck (32)
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1
Q

how do you protect someone’s kidneys to avoid CIN? contrast induced nephropathy

A

hydration

2
Q

why can a VQ scan miss a saddle embolus?

A

you are looking for mismatch (areas that are ventilated, but not profused)-you’ll be equal profusion to both lungs with this type of embolus…use a CTA

3
Q

when would you use a VQ?

A
  • pt has contrast allergy and you need the scan right away

- if CTA is not clear on whether there is a small one

4
Q

how do you read a CXR?

A
  1. mediastinum and the heart
  2. lungs (back and forth with eyes over each lung field)
  3. bony structures
5
Q

what is a spiculated mass?

A

looks like a sunburst

6
Q

why do you use contrast on a lung CT?

A

be able to view the mediastinum more affectively and evaluate if there is mediastinal hilar LAD

7
Q

which lesion do you biopsy in lung cancer?

A

highest stage lesion

8
Q

which imaging should you use to look for metastasis?

A

PET/CT (although not good at looking at the brain) add MRI of the brain

9
Q

how does a PET scan work?

A

evaluates sugar uptake (FDG uptake)

10
Q

what is risk of pneumothorax in aCT FNA of the lung?

A

10-15%

11
Q

what is an EBUS with TBNA?

A

endobronchial ultrasound with transbronchial

allows you to biopsy a lymphnode along the trachia

12
Q

what is TBBX?

A

transbronchial biopsy (with superdimension bronchoscopy) allows you to biopsy very distal lesions

13
Q

what disease makes your lungs look big?

A

COPD

14
Q

what are the characterstics of COPD chest XR?

A

flattened diaphram

big lung fields

15
Q

how will lung squish in a pneumothorax?

A

will squish medially

16
Q

what is a deep sulcus sign?

A

sign of a pneumothorax

what it will look like in a supine patient

17
Q

always know what about your CXR

A

what position the patient is in

18
Q

what do you look for in sick pts with a portable chest xray?

A

deep sulcus sign

19
Q

what is good to measure pulmonary pressure?

A

echo

20
Q

how do you measure pulmonary artery pressure?

A

tricuspid regurgitant jet

21
Q

how is pulmonary edema located in heart failure

A

centrally located (bat wing)

22
Q

what is borhoff syndrome?

A

tear in the esophagus

pneumomediastinum

23
Q

what is classic presentation of pericarditis?

A

URI sxs with CP radiating to the right shoulder

24
Q

what is EKG reading of pericarditis

A

ST elevation

25
Q

what does CT do to size of effusion?

A

always overestimates

26
Q

what is in break pads?

A

asbestos

27
Q

what is bronchiectasis

A

irreversibly enlarged airways

28
Q

what indicates mesothelioma?

A

thickening or pleural nodularity on the medial pleura

29
Q

what procedure is needed for an obstruction?

A

bronchoscopy

30
Q

what causes a complete white out from a pleural effusion?

A

lung cancer

31
Q

subcutaneous emphysema

A

air in the soft tissue

-worry about pneumothorax

32
Q

what can cause pneumoperitoneum?

A

perforated ulcer

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