Anxiety Flashcards
(38 cards)
adaptive function of anxiety
warns of threat - external and internal
what are 2 fear pathways
- low road - fast
2. high road - can inhibit
path through slow road
ear>thalamus>amygdala>hypothalamus
path through high road
ear>thal>auditory cortex>frontal cortex>amygdala>hypothal
what is feature of both roads
- low - fast and dirty
2. high - slow and accurate
how does one learn to fear
aquisition of fear-context association
how does NMDA LTP work
firing of NMDA receptor causes a cascade which increases AMPA receptors and sensitizes neuron to fire more readily
how are catecholamines involves in LTP
carry meta-information - tells us about the changes in pattern of stimuli, not just if it’s there
where do catecholamines act
in the brainstem raphe
where do we learn to be afraid
learned association between context cues and fear response
how are fear and memory linked in the brain
specific fear neurons activated in amygdala in the same manner as they are in the hippocampus
how is fear stored in amygdala
as a general feeling of fear and anxiety
how does hippocampus become involved in the fear
gives conscious and explicit code to the fear context
how is most subcortical brain activity experienced?
subconsciously like visceral sensations
3 types of path anxiety for exam
- panic attack - sudden unprecipitaed anxiety
- GAD - chronic
- phobias - excessive fear of stim
prevalences of panic disorder for docs
most common for mental health
- 5th most common for GPs
- most go to ER
neurotransmitter involvement in regulation of anxiety
NE, 5HT, GABA
where do 5HT cells originate
dorsal raphe
what happens if take 5HT agonsists
make anxiety - fenfluramine
what happens with SSRIs
initial anxiety followed by down regulation of receptors over time
where are cell bodies of NE
locus ceruleus
2 drugs that increase LC and effects
yohimbine and caffeine - anxiety
2 drugs that decrease LC and effects
benzos, imipramine - reduce anxiety
5 SSRIs
- citalopram
- fluoxetine
- paroxetine
- sertraline
- fluvoxamine
