Flashcards in AUTONOMIC PHARMACOLOGY Deck (77)
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1
T1 - T12
L1 - L5
Sympathetic/Thoracolumbar
2
CN 3,7,9,10
S2-S4
Parasympathetic
(Craniosacral)
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SYMPATHETIC (SANS)
Preganglionic fibers originate from
Thoracic (T1 -T12) segments of the cord
Lumbar (L1 -L5) segments of the cord
4
PARASYMPATHETIC (PANS)
Preganglionic motor fibers originate from
Cranial nerve nuclei III, VII, IX and X
Sacral segments (S2-S4)
5
Preganglionic fibers are short and the
postganglionic fibers are long
SYMPATHETIC
6
Few (prevertebral) on the anterior aspect of the
aorta
SYMPATHETIC
7
Most of the ganglia are located in 2 paravertebral
chains that lie along the spinal cord
SYMPATHETIC
8
Most of the ganglia are located in the organs
innervated, most distant from the spinal cord
PARASYMPATHETIC
9
Preganglionic fibers are long and the
postganglionic fibers are short
PARASYMPATHETIC
10
NEUROTRANSMITTERS (NTAs)
4 FEATURES
1. Synthesis
2. Storage
3. Release
4. Termination of action
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NEUROTRANSMITTERS
TERMINATION OF ACTION
By metabolism
-Monoamine oxidase (MAO)
-Cathecol-o-methly transferase (COMT)
Diffuse away from the synaptic cleft and get metabolized elsewhere
12
A nerve ending that releases acetylcholine as
the primary transmitter
Also a synapse in which acetylcholine is the
primary transmitter
CHOLINERGIC
13
A nerve ending that releases norepinephrine as
the primary transmitter
Also a synapse in which norepinephrine is the
primary transmitter
ADRENERGIC
14
All preganglionic fibers are
cholinergic
15
All postganglionic parasympathetic fibers are
cholinergic
16
A few postganglionic sympathetic fibers are
cholinergic
17
Most postganglionic sympathetic fibers are
adrenergic
18
Exception: Postganglionic sympathetic fibers
are
cholinergic
19
Adrenal cortex and medulla
Ductless gland that functions as a ganglion
Postganglionic fibers are cholinergic
ADRENAL GLAND
20
Inhibits transport/synthesis of ACh into the cell
HEMICHOLINIUM
21
Inhibits storage of ACh into the vesicle
VESAMICOL
22
Inhibits the release of ACh
BOTULINUM TOXIN
23
These drugs (Hemicholinium, vesamicol, botulinum toxin) are not very useful for systemic therapy
because their
effects are not sufficiently selective
24
Inhibits the synthesis of NE
METYROSINE
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Inhibits the storage of NE
RESERPINE
26
These drugs (METYROSINE, RESERPINE, GUANETHEDINE, MAO I) have been used in several diseases because
they block sympathetic but not parasympathetic functions
27
Inhibits release of NE
GUANETHEDINE
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Inhibits metabolism of NE
MAO I
29
Other transmitter molecules in addition to the
primary agents (ACh or NE)
Contained in many autonomic nerves
Localized in the same vesicle as the primary
transmitter or in a separate population of vesicles
Involved in the modulation of synaptic
transmission
COTRANSMITTERS
30
