Flashcards in CC LEC 2 - Enzymes II Deck (63)
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1
128,000 Daltons
Interconversion of lactic acid and
pyruvic acid
LD - Lactate Dehydrogenase
2
Atypical LD
LD-6: ??
alcohol dehydrogenase
3
Atypical LD
Migrates cathodal to LD-5
Present in patients with
arteriosclerotic cardiovascular failure
Grave prognosis, signifies impending
death
alcohol dehydrogenase
4
Atypical LD
LD complexed with IgA or IgG, migrates between LD-3 and LD-4
Macro-LD:
5
– to measure LD-1(HHHH) because H-units have great affinity
*a-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase activity
6
Methods for LD
forward reaction
- mixture of phenazine methosulfate
and nitroblue
- tetrazolium reacts with NADH
producing blue purple color
- pH8.3–8.9
1. Wacker method
7
Methods for LD
– reverse
reaction
- NADH is cosubstrate, consumed
during reaction
- pH7.1–7.6
Wroblewski La Due method
8
Methods for LD
- 3 times faster, smaller sample, shorter
reaction time
- Susceptible to substrate exhaustion
and loss of linearity
Wroblewski La Due method
9
Transfer of amino group between aspartic acid and a-ketoacids
Aspartate Aminotransferase
10
ast coenz
Pyridoxal phosphate is coenzyme
11
ast isoenz
predominant form in serum
Cytoplasmic Isoenzyme –
12
ast isoenz
increased during cell necrosis
Mitochondrial Isoenzyme
13
AST Method
– coupled enzymatic reaction
- Malate dehydrogenase is indicator enzyme
- Decrease in absorbance at 340nm
- Optimal pH 7.3-7.8
Karmen method
14
AST Method
– ketoacids react with 2,4 – DNPH to form ketoacid hydrazines
- Product is intense brown color measured at 505nm
Reitman-Frankel Method
15
- Catalyzes transfer of amino groups from alanine to a-ketoglutarate
Alanine Aminotransferase
16
Liver specific enzyme
Alanine Aminotransferase
17
Not elevated in heart disease unless accompanied with liver disease
Alanine Aminotransferase
18
Tends to be higher and lasts longer than AST in acute inflammatory conditions of the liver
Alanine Aminotransferase
19
Requires Mg2+ and Mn2+ as activators
Alkaline Phosphatase
20
class 3 enz
ALP
21
Hydrolysis of various phosphomonoesters; making it nonspecific in alk
ALP
22
ALP isoenz Increased in B and O secretors
Intestinal ALP
23
Abnormal ALP isoenz
Regan
Nagao
24
Abnormal ALP
Variant of Regan
- Detected in metastatic carcinoma of pleural surfaces and in adenocarcinoma of pancreas and bile duct
nagao
25
Abnormal ALP
Highest in ovarian and gynecologic cancers
- Used for monitoring treatment because it disappears upon successful therapy
regan
26
ALP ISOENZ (3) are most heat stable and resist denaturation at 65C for 30 minutes
Placental, Regan, and Nagao
27
inhibits intestinal (75%) and
placental (80%) ALP ISOENZ
Phenylalanine
28
Nagao is also inhibited by __
L-leucine
29
inactivates bone(90%0 more
than liver(60%) ALP
Urea(2M)
30
