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GPHT LAB - Clearing Flashcards

1
Q

in dealcoholization, tissue section is immersed in __

A

ante-medium

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2
Q

raises the refractive index of the tissue

A

ante-medium

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3
Q

clearing agents must be miscible with both __

A

alcohol and paraffin wax

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4
Q

does not cause to much brittleness

A

benzene

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5
Q

best routine clearing agent

A

benzene

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6
Q

can cause aplastic anemia

A

benzene

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7
Q

used for large, thick, hard tissues

A

chloroform

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8
Q

slow acting
toxic to liver
does not make tissues translucent
tissues tend to float

A

chloroform

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9
Q

used for cleaning knives

A

xylene

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10
Q

diluent in mounting medium

A

xylene

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11
Q

most common clearing agent

A

xylene

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12
Q

for tissues less than 5 mm

A

xylene

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13
Q

useful for paraffin embedding

A

xylene

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14
Q

becomes milky/turbid if water is still present (incomplete dehydration)

A

xylene

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15
Q

overclearing causes tissue to become

A

hard and brittle

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16
Q

sub for xylene

A

toluene

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17
Q

subs for xylene/benzene

A

toluene

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18
Q

for CNS, skin, smooth muscle, cytological work

A

cedar oil/cedar wood oil

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19
Q

can leave tissue for a very long time w/o dehydration

A

cedar oil/cedar wood oil

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20
Q

penetrates well = best clearing agent

A

cedar oil/cedar wood oil

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21
Q

expensive and turbid

A

cedar oil/cedar wood oil

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22
Q

SLOW
Makes tissue brittle
can be faked

A

clove oil

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23
Q

prevents clove oil from becoming brittle

A

oil of bergamot

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24
Q

does not extract aniline dyes

A

oil of bergamot

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25
can be used with celloidin prep
oil of bergamot
26
spanish hop oil or thyme oil or mix
oil of origanum
27
dissolves out aniline dyes
oil of origanum
28
does not dissolve celloidin
oil of origanum
29
other names of oil of wintergreen
methyl salicylate, artificial oil
30
for delicate tissues bc hardening effect of alcohol can be avoided
oil of wintergreen
31
clearing time is indefinite
cedar oil/cedar wood oil | oil of wintergreen
32
must be soaked out by __ when oil of wintergreen is used for celloidin sections
chloroform/xylene
33
poor dehydrant, split by small amts of water
oil of wintergreen
34
oxidizes easily on standing
oil of wintergreen
35
must be soaked out by xylene or chloroform when used for celloidin sections
oil of wintergreen
36
for smooth muscles (2)
carbon disulfide | phenol
37
very inflammable with foul odor
carbon disulfide
38
subs of chloroform
carbon tetrachloride
39
adv of carbon tetrachloride
cheaper
40
for friable tissues
carbol-xylene
41
made by adding anhydrous crystals of phenol to xylene until no more dissolves
carbol-xylene
42
for moist and humid climates
carbol-xylene
43
corrosive
carbol-xylene
44
for cellular organs, friable tissues, skin, athermatous arteries, hard collagenous specimens
tetrahydrofuran
45
how many baths for THF
3
46
3 baths required
THF
47
colorless agents
xylene | THF
48
BP of THF
65C
49
FP of THF
-108.5C
50
Density of THF
0.8894
51
Wide-range solvent | Soluble in most solvents
THF
52
THF Forms __ with water
azeotrope
53
forms azeotrope with water
THF
54
Constant bp mixture (64C) consisting of 9% THF and 6% water
azeotrope
55
melted paraffin wax mixes with __ in all proportions
THF
56
superior to ordinary dehydrating agent
THF
57
shortens total prcessing time
THF
58
fumes may cause conjunctival irritation after about 6 mos | with offensive odor
THF
59
recommended for the eyes
terpineol
60
excellent clearing agent
High Test Aviation Lead-Free Gasoline
61
for double embedding techniques
methyl salicylate and methyl benzoate
62
cause the least hardening of tissues (3)
cedar oil, gasoline, petroleum ether
62
Suitable for large tissue specimens, tough tissues (e.g. Skin, fibroid, decalcified tissues), nervous tissues, lymph nodes, embryos
Chloroform
63
Does not extract aniline dyes | Can be used with celloidin
Oil of Bergamot
64
Dissolves aniline | Does not dissolve celloidin
Oil of Origanum
65
Possible Components of Oil of Origanum (3)
Spanish Hop Oil Thyme Oil Turpentine
66
How to make carbol-xylene
Add anhydrous crystals of phenol to xylene until no more dissolves
67
Composition of azeotrope
9% THF | 6% water
68
THF may cause conjunctival irritation after how many months
6
69
Clears from 95% alcohol
Terpineol
70
Good for paraffin and celloidin work | But volatile
Phenol

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