Flashcards in beta-lactam inhibitors - others Deck (47)
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OTHER BETA-LACTAM DRUGS
monobactam
astreonam
2
Resistant to beta-lactamases produced by certain gram (-) rods
Klebsiella
Pseudomonas
Serratia
No activity against gram (+) and anaerobes
astreonam
3
astreonam RoA
IV
4
Elimination of astreonam
Eliminated via renal tubular secretion
5
w/ or w/o cross-allergenicity with penicillin?
none
6
adverse effects of astreonam
Adverse effects
GI upset with possible superinfection
Vertigo
Headache
Rare hepatotoxicity
Skin rash
7
An inhibitor of cell wall synthesis binding to PBP3
Synergistic with aminoglycosides
astreonam
8
Chemically different from penicillins
Retain the beta-lactam ring
carbapenems
9
the carbapenems are (3)
B. IMIPENEM, MEROPENEM, and ERTAPENEM
10
Low susceptibility to beta-lactamases
carbapenems
11
Wide activity against
Gram(+) cocci
Gram (-) rods
Anaerobes
carbapenems
12
RoA of carbapenems
IV
13
Useful for infections caused by organisms resistant to other antibiotics
CARBAPENEMS
14
Drug of choice for enterobacter
CARBAPENEMS
15
Inactivates impinem
renal dehydropeptidase I
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Administered in combination w/impinen
cilastatin
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Increases the half-life of impinem
Inhibits formation of nephrotoxic metabolites
cilastatin
18
Inhibitor of the renal dehydropeptidase I
cilastatin
19
Adverse effects of imipenem-cilastatin
GI distress
Skin rash
At very high plasma levels, CNS toxicity
Confusion, encephalopathy, seizures
20
cross-allergenicity with penicillins (C, INC, Par)
Partial
21
Similar to imipenem
Not metabolized by renal dehydropeptidases
Less likely to cause seizure
MEROPENEM
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Long half-life
Less active against pseudomonas
IM injection causes pain and irritation
ERTAPENEM
23
Used in fixed combination with certain hydrolyzable penicillins
Effective against plasmid-encoded beta-lactamases
Gonococci
Streptococci
E. coli
H. influenzae
beta-lactam inihibitors: CLAVULANIC ACID, SULBACTAM, and TAZOBACTAM
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Bactericidal glycoprotein
VANCOMYCIN
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Binds to the D-Ala-D-Ala terminal of the nascent peptidoglycan pentapeptide side chain
VANCOMYCIN
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Inhibits transglycosylation
VANCOMYCIN
27
Prevents elongation of peptidoglycan chain
VANCOMYCIN
28
Interferes with cross-linking
VANCOMYCIN
29
spectrum of activity of vancomycin
Narrow spectrum of activity
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