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Botany > PARA LAB - Plasmodium > Flashcards

PARA LAB - Plasmodium Flashcards

1
Q

phylum of intracellular parasites

A

Phylum Apicomplexa

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2
Q

most virulent of all species of plasmodium

A

P. falciparum

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3
Q

most prevalent species in the world

A

P. vivax

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4
Q

species endemic in Philippines

A

falciparum and vivax

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5
Q

newest member of Plasmodium species

A

P. knowlesi

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6
Q

Species seen in neighboring Southeast Asian countries

A

P. knowlesi

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7
Q

primary vector of Plasmodium spp

A

Female Anopheles minimus flavirostris

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8
Q

intermediate host of Plasmodium

A

man

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9
Q

final host of Plasmodium

A

Anopheles (is this incomplete)

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10
Q

straw-like structure of mosquitoes used to puncture the skin

A

proboscis

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11
Q

first stage of Plasmodium in the I.H.

A

Sporozoites

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12
Q

where sporozoites will undergo schizogony

A

hepatocytes

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13
Q

sac-like structure where merozoites are found

A

schizont

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14
Q

species of plasmodium where hypnozoites are present

A

P. ovale and P. vivax

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15
Q

form or stage of parasites responsible for relapse

A

hypnozoites

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16
Q

immature trophozoites

composed of chromatin dot and nucleus

A

ring forms

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17
Q

infective stage to final host

A

gametocytes

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18
Q

infective stage to I.H.

A

Sporozoites

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19
Q

signs and symptoms of malaria

A

chills, fever, sweating

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20
Q

occurrence of chills, fever, sweating

A

malarial paroxysms

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21
Q

causes malignant tertian malaria

A

P. falciparum

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22
Q

occurrence of malarial paroxysms of P. falciparum

A

Every 36-48 hrs

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23
Q

causes blackwater fever

A

P. falciparum

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24
Q

causes benign tertian malaria

A

P. vivax

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25
occurrence of malarial paroxysms of P. vivax
every 48 hrs
26
occurrence of malarial paroxysms of P. ovale
every 48 hrs
27
causes ovale tertian malaria
P. ovale
28
causes quartan malaria
P. malariae
29
invades all types of RBC
P. falciparum
30
invades young RBC
P. vivax and P. ovale
31
size of infected RBC of P. falciparum
normal
32
size of infected RBC of P. vivax
enlarged
33
RBC stages present in P. falciparum
ring form & gametocyte
34
RBC stages present in P. vivax
all forms
35
ring forms: small with multiple infections
P. falciparum
36
Types of ring forms in P. falciparum
chromatin dot double chromatin dot applique/accole
37
ring forms: 1 only with prominent chromatin dot
P. vivax
38
w/ rarely seen trophozoite and schizont
P. falciparum
39
w/ ameboid appearance of trop
P. vivax
40
infects old RBCs
P. malariae
41
ave. no. of merozoites in P. falciparum
24 (8 - 36)
42
ave. no. of merozoites in P. vivax
16 (12 - 24)
43
stipplings of P. falciparum
Maurer's dots
44
stipplings of P. vivax
Schuffner's dots
45
stipplings of P. malarial
Ziemann's dots
46
infected RBC of this species has serrations or fimbriation
P. ovale
47
appearance of troops and ring forms of this species similar to vivax
P. ovale
48
no. of merozoites in schizont of P. ovale
8
49
arrangement of merozoites in P. malariae
rosette/fruit pie
50
species with fruit pie or rosette arrangement of merozoites
P. malariae
51
species with band formation in troph
P. malariae
52
sx for lab diagnosis of malaria
capillary blood
53
best time to collect blood
during the height of fever
54
why smears must be immerse in water
for dehemoglobinization
55
stain used in blood smears
Giemsa or Wright's stain
56
smear used in malarial parasite count
thick smear
57
purpose of thick smear
malarial parasite count
58
purpose of thin smear
species identification
59
gold std in malarial diagnosis
microscopy
60
other method in diagnosis of malaria | which uses a fluorescent dye so parasites will fluoresce
QBC
61
QBC meaning
Quantitative Buffy Coat
62
dye in QBC
Acridine orange
63
other method in diagnosis of malaria | Uses test kits
RDT
64
RDT meaning
Rapid Diagnostic Test
65
principle of RDT
immunochromatography
66
Ag detected in RDT
pLDH Histidine rich protein aldolase
67
method used if lab diagnosis is through culture
RRMI 1640
68
corresponds to rupture of RBCs and release of merozoites
paroxysms
69
from a zygote | motile and penetrates stomach wall of the mosquito
ookinete
70
drug for prophylaxis and treatment of malaria
chloroquine
71
these are formed due to incomplete metabolism of Hb
malarial pigments
72
stipplings of P. ovale
James dots
73
type of malaria caused by P. ovale
benign tertian malaria
74
these 2 species of malaria causes rbc enlargement
vivax and ovale
75
these 2 species of malaria causes rbc normal size
malariae and falciparum
76
ave number of merozoites in p. ovale
8
77
– malaria parasite of long-tailed macaque monkey
P. knowlesi
78
– most serious complication and major cause of death of P. falciparum
Cerebral malaria
78
Done to remove Hb that can result in poor staining
Dehemoglobinizatiob
79
Fixative used in thick smear
NONE
80
A romanowsky stain composed of eosin and methylene blue
Giemsa
81
Components of giemsa stain
Methylene blue | Eosin
82
Other stains used in staining of blood smears
Leishman's stain | Jaswant Singh Battacharya (JSB)
83
Std method used by laboratories under national malaria eradication programme in india
Jaswant Singh Battacharya stain
84
Type of JSB that uses methylene blue
Jaswant Singh Battacharya I
85
Type of JSB that uses eosin
Jaswant Singh Battacharya II stain
86
Type of smear best used to detect malarial parasite
Thick smear
87
Type of smear for establishing extent of parasitemia
Thick smear
88
Smear that is more sensitive because blood is concentrated
Thick smear
89
Smear that is difficult to read
Thick smear
90
Used by malarial parasites to invade host tissues
Apical complex
91
Disadvantage of microscopy as malarial dx
Some structures may be mistaken like malarial parasite
92
Structures confused with the schizont stage
Blood platelets
93
Blood platelets are confused with what malarial stage
Schizont
94
1-10 parasites/100 thick field
+
95
11-100 parasites/100 thick field
++
96
1-10/thick field
+++
97
> 10/thick field
++++
98
Actual count of parasite formula
(# of parasites counted divided by WBC Count) x Actual WBC Count
99
Less precise system of quantitating malarial parasite
Plus system

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