Flashcards in BACTE LAB - DOTS/Lab Deck (42)
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1
form the foundation of National Tuberculosis Control Program
one of the first points of contact for TB suspects
Laboratories
2
internationall recommended strategy for TB control by WHO and IUATLD
DOTS
3
IUATLD meaning
International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases
4
goal of Stop TB Strategy
Reduce global burden of TB by 2015 by ensuring all TB patients benefit from universal access to high-quality diagnosis and patient-centered treatment
5
Six Point Stop TB Strategy
Pursue quality DOTS expansion and enhancement
Address TB/HIV and MDR-TB
Contribute to health system strengthening
Engage all care providers
Empower patients and communities
Enable and promote research
6
Main technique for diagnosis of TB utilized by DOTS program
DSSM
7
DSSM meaning
Direct Sputum Smear Microscopy
8
Primary sources of infection in communities
Smear-positive cases
9
These smear cases are usually sick and seek treatment
smear positive pulmonary TB
10
Criteria in monitoring that are not specific
Clinical and radiologic
11
it seldom possible to diagnose relapse by means of ___
chest xray
12
3 Things Monitored by Bacteriological Methods
Evolution of disease during treatment
declaration of cure or failure
relapse
13
for follow-up, this procedure is more sensitive and reliable than dssm
culture
14
why is culture more sensitive and reliable than DSSM for follow-up
culture will detect only living bacilli that form colonies
Microscopy (DSSM) will show all AFB, alive or dead
15
Declaration of failure on smear evidence is more accurate when based on _____
REPEATED positive smears
16
Reliable diagnosis of relapsing cases
Smear diagnosis
17
Why culture cannot easily replace smears for follow-up
M. tuberculosis grows very slowly
Repeating a smear examination after 2 weeks will yield an answer before a culture could
18
These reduces the spread of TB
detection and treatment of infectious cases
18
Greatest risk of infection for lab staff
Sputum collection
19
Considerable risk for lab tech
Processing of sputum for culture and drug susceptibility testing
20
---particles do not remain airborne and do not transmit TB efficiently
Larger
21
Bacterial load smear +
10^6 to 10^7 bacilli per ml
22
Bacterial load smear -
10^4 or less bacilli per ml
23
Most significant predictor of infectiousness of a patient
Difference in bacterial load
24
Risk of infection depends on (4)
Infectiousness of source
Environment
Duration and intensity of exposure
Susceptibility of recipient
25
Mechanisms of producing droplet nuclei
Singing and coughing
26
Where to collect sputum
Open area outisde environment
27
Where not to collect
Enclosed spaces like labs toilets
28
Never stand where during collection
In front of patient
29
