Flashcards in chapter 1 pharmacology Deck (94)
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1
Body of knowledge concerned with the action
of chemicals on biologic systems, especially by
binding to regulatory molecules (receptors) and
activating or inhibiting normal body processe
pharmacology
2
Area of pharmacology concerned with the
use of chemicals in the prevention, diagnosis,
and treatment of disease, especially in humans
MEDICAL PHARMACOLOGY
3
Area of pharmacology concerned with the
undesirable effects of chemicals on
biologic systems
TOXICOLOGY
4
Identifies the exact mechanism of action
of one particular drug
Identifies the receptors
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
5
Any substance that brings about a change
in biologic function through chemical actions
DRUG
6
Specific molecule in the biologic system that
plays a regulatory role
receptor
7
Drugs are given at a site ___________ from the
intended site of action
distant
8
general range of drug size
100 - 1000
9
MW For selective binding
100
10
MW For traversing to different barriers of the body
1000
11
MW
Cannot move within the body
Given directly at the site of action
>1000
12
Chemical forces or bonds through
which the drug interacts with the
receptors
Weaker bonds are more selective
bonds
DRUG RECEPTOR BONDS
13
DRUG RECEPTOR BONDS
Strongest
Irreversible
COVALENT
14
DRUG RECEPTOR BONDS
More common
Weaker
Eg, between cation and an anion
ELECTROSTATIC BONDS
15
DRUG RECEPTOR BONDS
Weakest
Highly lipid soluble drug
HYDROPHOBIC BONDS
16
To reach its receptors and bring about biologic
effect
A drug molecule (eg, sedative) must
travel from the site of __________
(eg, gastrointestinal tract) to the site
of ________ (eg, brain)
administration- action
17
Movement of drug molecules into and within
the biologic environment
PERMEATION
18
Movement of molecules through the watery
extracellular and intracellular spaces
AQUEOUS DIFFUSION
19
aqueous diffusion is a passive or active process?
passive
20
AQUEOUS DIFFUSION is governed by
Governed by Fick’s law
21
where does aqueous diffusion take place? (membranes of ....)
Membranes of capillaries with small waterfilled pores
22
Movement of molecules through membranes
and other lipid structures
lipid diffusion
23
type of diffusion
Most important factor for drug permeation
lipid diffusion
24
LIPID DIFFUSION is governed by
Governed by Fick’s law
25
LIPID diffusion is a passive or active process?
PASSIVE
26
TYPE OF PERMEATION
Drugs transported across barriers by
mechanisms that carry similar endogenous
substances
Capacity limited
TRANSPORT BY SPECIAL CARRIERS
27
IS TRANSPORT BY SPECIAL CARRIERS GOVERNED BY FICK'S LAW
NO
28
TRANSPORT BY SPECIAL CARRIERS
TYPES OF TRANSPORT
ACTIVE TRANSPORT
FACILITATED DIFFUSION
29
No energy required
Downhill
FACILITATED DIFFUSION
30
