Flashcards in CM LEC - Pericardial and Peritoneal Fluid Deck (58):
1
pericardial effusion suspected when ??
there is cardiac compression during physician’s examination
2
pericardial effusion suspected when ??
there is cardiac compression during physician’s examination
3
Primary causes of pericardial transudates (HUA)
uremia, hypothyroidism, and autoimmune disorders
4
common/important lab tests for pericardial fluid
• Fluid:serum protein
• Lactic dehydrogenase ratios
5
what type of tests are perfomed when endocarditis is suspected
culture and G/S
6
• Common infection-causing organism in pericardial fluid (4)
o Streptococcus
o Staphylococcus
o Adenovirus
o cox- sackievirus
7
- accumulation of fluid between the peritoneal membranes
Ascites
8
– fluid between the peritoneal membranes (not “peritoneal fluid”)
Ascitic fluid
9
-causes of ascitic transudates:
hepatic disorders (cirrhosis)
10
-causes of ascitic exudates:
bacterial infections (peritonitis)
11
– introduced to peritoneal cavity as lavage to detect abdominal injuries that have not yet resulted in fluid accumulation
Normal saline
12
– sensitive test to detect intra-abdominal bleeding in blunt trauma cases
Peritoneal lavage
13
RBC count in blunt trauma injuries
> 100 000/mL
14
recommended over the fluid:serum total protein and LD ratios to detect peritoneal transudates of hepatic origin
Serum-ascites albumin gradient (SAAG)
15
Other tests to detect peritoneal transudates of hepatic origin
fluid:serum total protein and LD ratios
16
gradient of a peritoneal transudate effusion of hepatic origin
> 1.1
17
lower gradients
what type of peritoneal effusion
exudative
18
normal WBC count in peritoneal fluid
19
increased WBC count in peritoneal fluid associated with
bacterial peritonitis, cirrhosis
20
to differentiate bacterial peritonitis and cirrhosis, what test is performed
absolute neutrophil count
21
increased lymphocytes in peritoneal fluid associated with
TB
22
substance in peritoneal fluid: with concentric striations of collagen-like material
- seen in benign conditions, ovarian and thyroid malignancies
Psammoma bodies
23
what chemical test/s is/are elevated in GIT perforations
AMS/ALP
24
What test performed when: a ruptured bladder or accidental puncture of the bladder during the paracentesis is of concern
BUN and Creatinine
25
What test performed when: when leakage of bile into the peritoneum is suspected following trauma or surgery
Bilirubin/Total Bilirubin
26
AMS/ALP elevated in
GIT perforations
27
what test to determine whether the pancreatitis or damage to the pancreas is accounting for the accumulation of these pancreatic enzymes in the ascitic fluid
Amylase or Lipase
28
serologic tests use to identify the primary source of tumors producing ascitic exudates
CEA and CA 125
29
(+) CA 125 and (-) CEA: source of tumor is (3)
ovaries, fallopian tubes, or endometrium
30
(+) __
(-) __
Source of tumor: ovaries, fallopian tubes, or endometrium
(+) CA 125 and (-) CEA
31
Primary causes of pericardial transudates (HUA)
uremia, hypothyroidism, and autoimmune disorders
32
common/important lab tests for pericardial fluid
• Fluid:serum protein
• Lactic dehydrogenase ratios
33
what type of tests are perfomed when endocarditis is suspected
culture and G/S
34
• Common infection-causing organism in pericardial fluid (4)
o Streptococcus
o Staphylococcus
o Adenovirus
o cox- sackievirus
35
- accumulation of fluid between the peritoneal membranes
Ascites
36
– fluid between the peritoneal membranes (not “peritoneal fluid”)
Ascitic fluid
37
-causes of ascitic transudates:
hepatic disorders (cirrhosis)
38
-causes of ascitic exudates:
bacterial infections (peritonitis)
39
– introduced to peritoneal cavity as lavage to detect abdominal injuries that have not yet resulted in fluid accumulation
Normal saline
40
– sensitive test to detect intra-abdominal bleeding in blunt trauma cases
Peritoneal lavage
41
RBC count in blunt trauma injuries
> 100 000/mL
42
recommended over the fluid:serum total protein and LD ratios to detect peritoneal transudates of hepatic origin
Serum-ascites albumin gradient (SAAG)
43
Other tests to detect peritoneal transudates of hepatic origin
fluid:serum total protein and LD ratios
44
gradient of a peritoneal transudate effusion of hepatic origin
> 1.1
45
lower gradients
what type of peritoneal effusion
exudative
46
normal WBC count in peritoneal fluid
47
increased WBC count in peritoneal fluid associated with
bacterial peritonitis, cirrhosis
48
to differentiate bacterial peritonitis and cirrhosis, what test is performed
absolute neutrophil count
49
increased lymphocytes in peritoneal fluid associated with
TB
50
substance in peritoneal fluid: with concentric striations of collagen-like material
- seen in benign conditions, ovarian and thyroid malignancies
Psammoma bodies
51
what chemical test/s is/are elevated in GIT perforations
AMS/ALP
52
What test performed when: a ruptured bladder or accidental puncture of the bladder during the paracentesis is of concern
BUN and Creatinine
53
What test performed when: when leakage of bile into the peritoneum is suspected following trauma or surgery
Bilirubin/Total Bilirubin
54
AMS/ALP elevated in
GIT perforations
55
what test to determine whether the pancreatitis or damage to the pancreas is accounting for the accumulation of these pancreatic enzymes in the ascitic fluid
Amylase or Lipase
56
serologic tests use to identify the primary source of tumors producing ascitic exudates
CEA and CA 125
57
(+) CA 125 and (-) CEA: source of tumor is (3)
ovaries, fallopian tubes, or endometrium
58