Flashcards in CM LEC - Synovial fluid Part 2 Deck (94)
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1
most frequently performed cell
count on synovial fluid
Total leukocyte count
2
When is RBC count requested
when there is traumatic tap
3
what to do if there is a delay in processing/testing of sx
refrigerate
4
Very viscous fluid may be pretreated by adding
(2)
a pinch amount of hyaluronidase to 0.5mL of fluid OR
one drop of 0.05% hyaluronidase in PO4 buffer per mL of fluid
& incubate at 37°C for 5mins
5
dilution of clear fluids
none
6
dilution is needed in what kind of fluids (2)
bloody or turbid fluids
7
diluting fluid not suitable for synovial fluid cell count
traditional WBC dil. fluid or acetic acid
8
Traditional WBC diluting fluid cannot be used – acetic
acid will cause formation of ___
mucin clot
9
recommended diluent for synovial fluid cell counts
normal saline
10
To lyse RBCs use: (2)
hypotonic saline (0.3%) or saline that
contains saponin as diluent
11
stain WBC nuclei permitting separation of RBCs & WBCs on mixed specimens
Methylene blue + normal saline
12
disadv of automated cell counters (2)
Highly viscous fluid may block the apertures
Presence of debris & tissue cells may falsely elevate
counts
13
differential counts must be performed on __
OR
specimen preparation used for diff count
Cytocentrifuged preparations or thinly smeared slides
14
in diff count, fluid should be incubated with ______ prior to
slide preparation
hyaluronidase
15
Primary cells seen in normal synovial fluid:
Monocytes
Macrophages
Synovial tissue cells
16
diff count
neutrophil %
17
diff count
lymphocyte %
18
Increased neutrophils means there is
septic condition
19
Increases lymphocytes = means
nonseptic inflammation
20
in diff count, in normal and abnormal specimen, cells may appear
more vacuolated than on a blood smear
21
lipid droplets may be present following ____
crash injuries
22
found in cases of pigmented villonodular synovitis
hemosiderin granules
23
Hemosiderin granules found in cases of ___
pigmented villonodular synovitis
24
other cell abnormalities (4)
- eosinophils
- LE cells
- Reiter cells
- RA cells or ragocytes
25
(vacuolated macrophages with ingested
neutrophils)
Reiter cells
26
(neutrophils with small, dark, cytoplasmic granules that consist of precipitated rheumatoid factor)
RA cells or ragocytes
27
Additional crystals present:
-basic calcium phosphate
-calcified cartilage degeneration
hydroxyapatite
28
Additional crystals present
following injections
corticosteroids
29
Additional crystals present
renal dialysis patients
calcium oxalate crystals
30
