Flashcards in CC LEC 2 - Enzymes III Deck (41):
1
Hydrolyzes the ester linkages of fats
(dietary triglycerides)alcohols & fatty acids
LPS
2
Major source of LPS
Pancreas
3
Isoenz of LPS
L1, L2, L3
4
most clinically significant &
sensitive LPS isoenz
L2
5
Detection almost only indicates acute pancreatitis
LPS
6
WHAT ENZ
Intraabdominal conditions:
Penetrating duodenal ulcers Perforatedpepticulcers
Intestinal obstruction
Acute cholecystitis
LPS
7
LPS activator
albumin/ionized calcium
8
LPS inhibitors
heavy metals (ex. quinine)
9
Substrate of turbidimetric and titrimetric LPS method
olive oil or triolein
10
LPS method
Simpler, more rapid
- Substrate: olive oil or triolein (more
used, pure form of triglycerides)
Turbidimetric Enzyme Reaction
11
LPS method
- Estimate liberated fatty acids
- Complicated because of lack of
stable uniform substrates
- Substrate: olive oil or triolein
- Indicator reaction:
Measures liberated fatty acids released by alkaline titration after 24 hours incubation
Cherry Crandall Method (Titrimetric)
12
Indicator of Cherry Crandall
phenolphthalein (salmon color)
13
indicator of sigma tiet
thymolphthalein
14
Oxidation of glucose-6-phosphate to
6- Phosphogluconate or corresponding
lactone
G6PD
15
Tissue sources:
Adrenal cortex
Spleen
Thymus
Lymph nodes
Lactating mammary glands
RBCs (little activity in normal serum)
G6PD
16
Maintain NADPH in reduced form
G6PD
17
? required to regenerate
sulfhydryl-containing proteins (ex.
glutathione) in its reduced state
NADPH
18
– protects
hemoglobin from oxidizing agents that may be present
Glutathione, reduced form
19
Deficiency is an inherited sex-linked trait & most common in African-Americans
G6PD
20
Only ? has different specimens depending on ↑/↓
G-6-PD
21
2 TYPES OF CHS
Pseudocholinesterase
True Cholinesterase
22
tissue sources type of CHS
Serum
Pancreas
Liver (main)
Heart
White matter of CNS
23
type of CHS
Muscle relaxant during surgery
Pseudochs
24
type of CHS
Tissue sources:
RBCs
Nerve tissue/cells
Brain
ACH/ True CHS
25
Hydrolyzes acetylcholine -> choline + acetic acid
For transmission of nerve impulses (acetylcholine is a major
neurotransmitter)
ACH/ True CHS
26
CHS methods
- Measures ↓ in pH resulting from the liberation of acetic acid
- Acid production
Michel Method (Electrometric Method)
27
CHS methods
- Measures the liberation of CO2 from the formation of acetic acid as acetylcholine is hydrolyzed
Manometric Method
28
CHS methods
- Most used
- Uses butylcholine (thiolester) as
substrate
Ellman Technique (Photometric Enzyme Reaction)
29
Hydrolysis of N-terminal residues from
certain peptides & amides containing free amino groups
Leucine aminopeptidase (LAP)
30
Tx sources
Urine, serum, bile
Leucine aminopeptidase (LAP)
31
Mtd for Leucine aminopeptidase (LAP)
Goldbarg and Rutenberg Method
32
Fluorochrome dyes for Goldbarg and Rutenberg Method
Acridine orange
Rhodamine
FITC (fluorescein isothiocyanate)
33
Reversible conversion of ornithine to
citrulline (synthesis of urea)
Ornithine Carbamoyl Transferase (OCT)
34
OCT tissue source
liver
35
Mtds for OCT (2)
1. Reichard and Reichard Method
- Isotopic & microdiffusion technique
2. Colorimetric Method
36
Splitting of fructose-1,6-diphosphate to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate & dihydroxyacetone phosphate
Aldolase
37
Tissue sources:
Widely distributed in all body cells
Prominent in skeletal muscles, heart
muscles, liver (most), & RBCs
Aldolase
38
-Important in the breakdown of glucose lactic acid (glycolytic breakdown)
Aldolase
39
Aldolase
Main tissue source: liver
B
40
Aldolase
Same tissue sources as previous, but
mainly found in the brain
(hippocampus, Purkinje cells)
- Catalyzes breakdown of alcohol
C
41