Flashcards in chem lab - lipids Deck (103)
Loading flashcards...
1
hydrophobic isoprenoids
A, D, E, K
2
are PUFAs
-must be provided in our diet because EFAs cannot be biosynthesized
EFAs
3
1. Fatty-acid related :
fatty acid/prostaglandins, fatty acid esters, sterol esters, lipoconjugates
4
2. Hydrolyzable/saponifiable:
fatty acid esters, sterol esters, lipoconjugates
5
-aliphatic, acyclic, unbranched
fatty acids
6
fatty acid synthesis in humans:
liver and lactating mammary glands
7
most naturally occurring FA contain odd or even no. of C atoms
EVEN
8
-no C=C
-CnH2n+1 COOH
-___anoic acid
saturated
9
-CnH2n-1COOH
- ____enoic acid
unsaturated
10
– natural configuration of C=C
Cis configuration
11
-introduces a kink, allowing a bend
-bend disrupts alignment of lipid → semi-fluid
Cis configuration
12
2 EFAs to humans
1. Linoleic acid –
2. Linolenic acid
13
precursor of arachidonic acid
linoleic
14
– precursor of PGs
-becomes essential if linoleic acid is missing
Arachidonic acid
15
– alkali salts of Fa
-formed by saponification
-amphipathic
-nonpolar + dirt, polar + water (micelle)
4. Soaps
16
5. Halogens add to C=C via
AE
17
– resistant to oxidation outside the body
saturated FA
18
slowly but spontaneously oxidized by oxygen in air
-becomes rancid (formation of short chain aldehydes)
USFA-
19
-derived from linoleic acid (or arachidonic acids) forming eicosanoids
PROSTAGLANDINS
20
-cyclopentane ring, 2 side chains, carboxyl group in one side chain
PROSTAGLANDINS
21
-participate in wound-healing process
PROSTAGLANDINS
22
PAIN MEDIATORS
PROSTAGLANDINS
23
-esters formed between a fatty acid (CA) and glycerol (trihydric alcohol)
Acyglycerols or glycerides
24
-3 Fatty acids + glycerol
TRIGLYCERIDES
25
-neutral fats or neutral oils
TRIGLYCERIDES
26
-most widespread
TRIGLYCERIDES
27
-most abundant lipids in animals (function: food store)
TRIGLYCERIDES
28
Hydrolysis of tripalmitin or 1,2,3-tripalmitoyl-sn-glycerol
• 1 mole of glycerol
• 3 moles of palmitic acid
29
Hydrolysis of palmitostearoolein or 1-palmitoyl-2-stearoyl-3-oleoyl-sn-glycerol
• 1 mole glycerol
• 1 mole palmitic acid
• 1 mole stearic acid
• 1 mole oleic acid
30
